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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental toxicology and chemistry >CONSTITUENTS WITHIN PULP MILL EFFLUENT DEPLETE RETINOID STORES IN WHITE SUCKER AND BIND TO RAINBOW TROUT RETINOIC ACID RECEPTORS AND RETINOID X RECEPTORS
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CONSTITUENTS WITHIN PULP MILL EFFLUENT DEPLETE RETINOID STORES IN WHITE SUCKER AND BIND TO RAINBOW TROUT RETINOIC ACID RECEPTORS AND RETINOID X RECEPTORS

机译：纸浆厂废液中的类视黄醇存量中的成分，并绑定到虹鳟鱼视黄酸受体和视黄醇X受体中

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Wild female and male white sucker (Catostomus commersoni) inhabiting an area receiving pulp mill effluent had reduced hepatic levels of retinol, didehydroretinol, retinyl esters, and didehydroretinyl esters, while vitamin E levels were unaffected. This disruption of the retinoid system led us to test methanol and dichloromethane extracts from the effluent of 11 pulp mills from across Canada for their ability to bind to rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) retinoic acid receptors (RARs) from the gill and retinoid X receptors (RXRs) from the liver. Concentrated extracts of the final effluent from 6 of the 11 pulp mills were able to displace greater than 25% of the receptor-bound [~3H]all-trans retinoic acid (RA) or [~3H]9-cis RA from trout RARs and RXRs, respectively. The ability of the extracts to displace retinoic acid did not appear to be linked to the pulping or treatment processes. Moreover, extracts with the greatest activity came from thermomechanical mills, suggesting the compounds may originate from the wood furnish. In addition, extracts prepared from wood furnish (wood chips: white spruce [50%], lodgepole pine [47%], and balsam fir [3%]) from one mill were able to displace |~3H]RA from the RARs and RXRs. The 4-hydroxy RA, a metabolite of RA that has been shown to be generated in greater quantities in fish exposed to P450-inducing xenobiotics, was able to displace [~3H|all-trans RA from trout RARs as effectively as unlabeled all-trans RA. These results suggest that pulp mill effluent may impact the retinoid system of fish at multiple sites, either by decreasing hepatic retinoid stores or through contributing additional ligands (from the wood furnish) that can bind to RA receptors.
机译：居住在制浆厂出水区的野生雌性和雄性白色吸盘（Catostomus commersoni）降低了肝脏的视黄醇，双脱氢视黄醇，视黄酯和双氢视黄酯的肝脏水平，而维生素E的水平却未受影响。这种维甲酸系统的破坏使我们测试了来自加拿大11个制浆厂废水中的甲醇和二氯甲烷提取物与to和视黄醇X受体的虹鳟（Oncorhynchus mykiss）维甲酸受体（RAR）结合的能力（ RXRs）。来自11个制浆厂中6个的最终废水的浓缩提取物能够取代鳟鱼RAR的大于25％的受体结合的[〜3H]全反式维甲酸（RA）或[〜3H] 9-顺式RA和RXR。提取物取代视黄酸的能力似乎与制浆或处理过程没有关系。此外，活性最大的提取物来自热机械工厂，这表明这些化合物可能源自木材配料。此外，从一家工厂的木料（木屑：白云杉[50％]，黑松[47％]和香脂冷杉[3％]）制备的提取物能够从RAR和RAR中置换出〜3H] RA。 RXR。 4-羟基RA是一种RA的代谢产物，已显示在暴露于诱导P450的外源生物的鱼类中会大量产生，它能够像未标记的全羟基胡萝卜素一样有效地取代鳟鱼RAR中的[〜3H |全反式RA-反式这些结果表明，制浆厂废水可能会通过减少肝类维生素A储备或通过贡献可与RA受体结合的其他配体（来自木料）来影响鱼类在多个地点的类维生素A系统。

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