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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental toxicology and chemistry >OFFSPRING FITNESS IN DAPHNIA: IS THE DAPHNIA REPRODUCTION TEST APPROPRIATE FOR EXTRAPOLATING EFFECTS ON THE POPULATION LEVEL?
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OFFSPRING FITNESS IN DAPHNIA: IS THE DAPHNIA REPRODUCTION TEST APPROPRIATE FOR EXTRAPOLATING EFFECTS ON THE POPULATION LEVEL?

机译：达芙妮的适宜健身：达芙妮生殖测试是否适合对人口水平的外推效应？

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In the Daphnia reproduction test, the number of living offspring per living parent, mortality, and, occasionally, growth and time to first brood are used as endpoints for the determination of no-observed-effect concentration (NOEC)/lowest-observed- effect concentration (LOEC), or 50 effective concentration (EC50). It is known that chemicals can influence not only the number of neonates but also the offspring size (and, thus, possibly the neonate fitness) in daphnids. Changes in neonate size and fitness have not been routinely recorded in Daphnia reproduction tests, although they are an important factor in population growth. Some of our previous research with some dispersants showed clear effects on offspring quality (smaller neonates with enhanced mortality). We tested one of these dispersants in two different test designs: the reproduction test and a population growth experiment. The results from these two experimental designs differed completely: in the reproduction test, the living offspring number was increased (by up to 10.2 mg/L of the dispersant Dispersogen A) in comparison with the control, whereas in the population growth experiment, the population size was already reduced at concentrations of 1.64 mg/L. A Fl-reproduction test, conducted in control medium with neonates born in the reproduction test, showed that neonate fitness was significantly reduced at concentrations of l.64 mg/L and higher. Therefore, it appears absolutely necessary to take neonate fitness into account if we intend to assess population-level effects. This is easily considered in a population g
机译：在水蚤繁殖测试中，每个活着的父母的活着后代的数量，死亡率以及偶尔的生长和首次孵化的时间都用作确定无观测效应浓度（NOEC）/最低观测效应的终点。浓度（LOEC）或50有效浓度（EC50）。众所周知，化学物质不仅可以影响新生儿的数量，还可以影响水蚤的后代大小（因此，可能影响新生儿的健康）。尽管水蚤是人口增长的重要因素，但其大小和健康状况的变化并未在水蚤生殖测试中常规记录。我们先前对某些分散剂的研究显示出对后代质量的明显影响（较小的新生儿死亡率更高）。我们在两种不同的测试设计中测试了其中一种分散剂：繁殖测试和种群增长实验。这两个实验设计的结果完全不同：在繁殖测试中，与对照相比，活后代数量增加了（分散剂Dispersogen A的最高可达10.2 mg / L），而在种群增长实验中，种群数量增加了。在1.64 mg / L的浓度下，粒径已经减小。在具有繁殖测试中出生的新生儿的对照培养基中进行的F1繁殖测试表明，在1.64 mg / L及更高的浓度下，新生儿的适应性显着降低。因此，如果我们打算评估人口水平的影响，那么绝对有必要考虑新生儿适应性。这在人群中很容易想到

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