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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental toxicology and chemistry >LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF COPPER AND pH ON THE NEMATODE COMMUNITY IN AN AGROECOSYSTEM
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LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF COPPER AND pH ON THE NEMATODE COMMUNITY IN AN AGROECOSYSTEM

机译：铜和pH对农业生态系统线虫群落的长期影响

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摘要

Four copper (0, 250, 500, and 750 kg Cu·ha~(-1)) and pH (4.0, 4.7, 5.4, and 6.1 in 1 M KCl) treatments were applied to an arable agroecosystem. Effects on the nematode community were assessed after 10 years of exposure under field conditions. Both copper and pH had major influences on nematodes. The effect of copper was generally enhanced with decreasing soil pH. The lowest copper application rate which had a significant negative effect on the total number of nematodes was 250 kg·ha~(-1) at pH 4.0, which is equivalent to a copper concentration of 0.32 mg·L~(-1) in 0.01 M calcium chloride (Cu-CaCl_2). Species composition and the abundance of trophic groups were more sensitive than the total number of nematodes. Combinations of high copper and low pH significantly reduced the number of bacterial-feeding nematodes, whereas the number of hyphal-feeding nematodes increased. Omnivorous and predacious nematodes showed the most sensitive response, becoming extinct when Cu-CaCl_2 was 0.8 to 1.4 mg·L~(-1). Plant-feeding nematodes showed the largest differences in abundance and appeared to reflect the effects of copper and pH on primary production. The results suggest that the nematode community was also affected indirectly by copper and pH via other components of the soil food web. It is concluded that nematodes offer excellent perspectives to assess effects of pollutants at the community level.
机译：将四种铜（0、250、500和750 kg Cu·ha〜（-1））和pH值（在1 M KCl中分别为4.0、4.7、5.4和6.1）处理到可耕作的农业生态系统中。在野外条件下暴露10年后，评估了对线虫群落的影响。铜和pH值都对线虫有重大影响。铜的作用通常随着土壤pH值的降低而增强。在pH 4.0时，对线虫总数有显着负面影响的最低铜施用量为250 kg·ha〜（-1），相当于0.01中的铜浓度为0.32 mg·L〜（-1）。 M氯化钙（Cu-CaCl_2）。物种组成和营养族的丰度比线虫总数更敏感。高铜和低pH的组合显着减少了以细菌为食的线虫的数量，而以菌丝为食的线虫的数量增加了。杂食性和捕食性线虫表现出最敏感的反应，当Cu-CaCl_2为0.8至1.4 mg·L〜（-1）时灭绝。以植物为食的线虫在丰度上显示出最大的差异，并且似乎反映了铜和pH对初级生产的影响。结果表明，线虫群落还通过土壤食物网的其他成分间接受到铜和pH的影响。结论是线虫为评估污染物在社区一级的影响提供了极好的前景。

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