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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental toxicology and chemistry >EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT FORMULATIONS OF GRANULAR PESTICIDES ON BIRDS
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EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT FORMULATIONS OF GRANULAR PESTICIDES ON BIRDS

机译：颗粒农药的不同配方对鸟类的影响

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摘要

Fensulfothion was formulated on granular pesticide carriers to evaluate the effects of carrier type (silica, clay, and corncob), pesticide load per granule (1/2, 1/8, and 1/32 of the LD50), granule size (0.2 to 0.6 and 1.0 to 1.4 mm), and granule color (white and blue) on avian risk from granular pesticides. Carrier type and pesticide load per granule were evaluated in a separate experiment from granule size and color. In both experiments, captive house sparrows (Passer domesticus) were offered the granular pesticide formulations in bands on soil surfaces. Bird behavior, body weight, survival, and brain and plasma cholinesterase activity were used to assess pesticide exposure. Silica and clay carrier types posed a greater risk to birds than corncob granules. Exposure also was greater with a higher pesticide load per granule. Findings were inconclusive regarding the effect of granule size and color on avian exposure to granular pesticides. Precipitation seemed to increase the possibility of dermal exposure to the pesticide. It is important to consider factors in addition to those used currently by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency when evaluating the risk to birds from granular pesticides.
机译：甲硫磷在颗粒状农药载体上配制，以评估载体类型（二氧化硅，粘土和玉米芯），每个颗粒的农药载量（LD50的1 / 2、1 / 8和1/32），颗粒大小（0.2至0.2 0.6和1.0至1.4毫米），以及颗粒状颜色（白色和蓝色）对粒状杀虫剂的鸟类危害。在单独的实验中，根据颗粒大小和颜色评估了载体类型和每个颗粒的农药含量。在这两个实验中，都给圈养的麻雀（Passer domesticus）提供了在土壤表面带状的颗粒农药制剂。鸟类行为，体重，存活率以及脑和血浆胆碱酯酶活性用于评估农药暴露。与玉米芯颗粒相比，二氧化硅和粘土载体类型对鸟类的危害更大。每个颗粒的农药含量较高时，暴露量也更大。关于颗粒大小和颜色对禽类接触颗粒杀虫剂的影响尚无定论。沉淀似乎增加了皮肤接触农药的可能性。在评估颗粒状农药对禽类的危害时，除美国环境保护局目前使用的因素外，还必须考虑其他因素。

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