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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental toxicology and chemistry >TOXICITY OF ORGANIC MIXTURES CONTAINING CYANOGENIC TOXICANTS
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TOXICITY OF ORGANIC MIXTURES CONTAINING CYANOGENIC TOXICANTS

机译：含有致氰毒素的有机混合物的毒性

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In this study we evaluated the joint actions of cyanogenic toxicants with other organic chemicals using Microtox~® tests. Experimental results indicated that greater than additive effect seldom occurred when these chemicals were mixed with nonreactive toxicants. However, the likelihood of synergistic effects exceeded 30% when reacting with a reactive chemical. Among the cyanogenic toxicants investigated in this study, malononitrile, lactonitrile, and α-hydroxy-isobutyronitrile have an approx. 50% likelihood of acting via synergism mode with other reactive toxicants. On the other hand, the joint actions related to acetonitrile and allyl cyanide are either additive or less than additive. Moreover, the likelihood of encountering synergistic effects markedly increases if the slopes of the dose-response curves for the two chemicals tested are small. Therefore, slope and certain characteristics of a chemical structure can apparently be used as indices to assess the potential hazard for a specific organic mixture. Furthermore, the complex joint action exerts a certain deterministic influence over the joint action mode of cyanogenic toxicants. This type of joint action, which quite frequently leads to an obvious antagonistic or even detoxification phenomena, could have some useful toxicological and pharmacological applications. Lastly, estimating the mixture toxicity on the basis of the concentration addition model is not always appropriate considering the high percentage of cases in this study showing synergism.
机译：在这项研究中，我们使用Microtox〜®测试评估了生氰有毒物质与其他有机化学品的联合作用。实验结果表明，当这些化学药品与非反应性有毒物质混合时，很少发生大于加和的作用。但是，与反应性化学物质反应时，产生协同效应的可能性超过30％。在这项研究中调查的氰化有毒物质中，丙二腈，乳腈和α-羟基异丁腈的含量约为1.5％。通过协同作用与其他反应性有毒物质发生作用的可能性为50％。另一方面，与乙腈和烯丙基氰有关的联合作用是加成的或小于加成的。此外，如果所测试的两种化学药品的剂量反应曲线的斜率较小，则遇到协同效应的可能性会显着增加。因此，化学结构的斜率和某些特征显然可以用作评估特定有机混合物潜在危害的指标。此外，复杂的联合作用对生氰有毒物质的联合作用方式具有一定的确定性影响。这种类型的关节作用常常导致明显的拮抗甚至排毒现象，可能具有一些有用的毒理学和药理学应用。最后，考虑到本研究中显示出协同作用的高比例病例，根据浓度添加模型估算混合物毒性并不总是合适的。

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