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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental toxicology and chemistry >CHRONIC EFFECT OF CADMIUM IN SEDIMENTS ON COLONIZATION BY BENTHIC MARINE ORGANISMS: AN EVALUATION OF THE ROLE OF INTERSTITIAL CADMIUM AND ACID-VOLATILE SULFIDE IN BIOLOGICAL AVAILABILITY
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CHRONIC EFFECT OF CADMIUM IN SEDIMENTS ON COLONIZATION BY BENTHIC MARINE ORGANISMS: AN EVALUATION OF THE ROLE OF INTERSTITIAL CADMIUM AND ACID-VOLATILE SULFIDE IN BIOLOGICAL AVAILABILITY

机译：沉积物中镉对鱼类海洋生物定殖的慢性影响：间质镉和酸性硫化物在生物有效性中的作用评价

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The role of interstitial cadmium and acid-volatile sulfide (AVS) in controlling the bioavailability of sediment-associated metal was examined using the chronic saltwater benthic colonization test. Sediments were spiked to achieve nominal cadmium/ AVS molar ratios of 0.0 (control), 0.1, 0.8, and 3.0 in this 118-d test. Oxidation of AVS in the surficial 2.4 cm within 2 to 4 weeks resulted in sulfide profiles similar to those occurring naturally in local sediments. In the nominal 0.1 cadmium/AVS treatment, measured simultaneously extracted metal (SEM_(Cd)) was always less than AVS. Interstitial cadmium concentrations (<3-10 μg/L) were less than those likely to cause biological effects. No significant biological effects were detected. In the nominal 0.8 cadmium/ AVS treatment, measured SEM_(Cd) commonly exceeded AVS in the surficial 2.4 cm of sediment. Interstitial cadmium concentrations (24-157 μg/L) were of likely toxicological significance to highly sensitive species. Shifts in the presence or absence over all taxa, and fewer macrobenthic polychaetes (Mediomastus ambiseta, Streblospio benedicti, and Podarke obscura) and unidentified meio-faunal nematodes, were observed. In the nominal 3.0 cadmium/AVS treatment, concentrations of SEM_(Cd) were always greater than AVS throughout the sediment column. Interstitial cadmium ranged from 28,000 to 174,000 μg/L. In addition to the effects above, these sediments were colonized by fewer macrobenthic species, polychaete species, and harpacticoids; had lower densities of diatoms; lacked bivalve molluscs; and exhibited other impacts. Over all treatments, the observed biological responses were consistent with SEM_(Cd)/AVS ratios in surficial sediments and interstitial water cadmium concentrations.
机译：使用慢性咸水底栖定殖试验研究了间隙镉和酸挥发性硫化物（AVS）在控制与沉积物相关的金属的生物利用度中的作用。在此118天的测试中，向沉积物加标以达到名义镉/ AVS摩尔比为0.0（对照），0.1、0.8和3.0（对照）。在2到4周内，表层2.4厘米处的AVS发生氧化，导致硫化物的分布与本地沉积物中的硫化物相似。在标称0.1镉/ AVS处理中，同时测量的提取金属（SEM_（Cd））始终小于AVS。间质镉浓度（<3-10μg/ L）小于可能引起生物学影响的浓度。没有发现明显的生物学影响。在名义上的0.8镉/ AVS处理中，表面2.4 cm沉积物中测得的SEM_（Cd）通常超过了AVS。间质镉浓度（24-157μg/ L）对高度敏感的物种可能具有毒理学意义。观察到所有类群的存在或不存在发生变化，并且观察到较少的大型底栖多毛类动物（中生中脉，本生黑线虫和暗色Podarke暗线虫）和未识别的中性线虫。在标称的3.0镉/ AVS处理中，整个沉积物柱的SEM_（Cd）浓度始终大于AVS。间隙镉的范围从28,000到174,000μg/ L。除上述影响外，这些沉积物还被较少的大型底栖动物，多毛类和类类拟兽类定殖。硅藻的密度较低；缺乏双壳软体动物；并表现出其他影响。在所有处理中，观察到的生物学反应与表层沉积物中的SEM_（Cd）/ AVS比值和间质水镉浓度一致。

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