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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental toxicology and chemistry >THE EFFECT OF MALATHION 60 ON GAMMARUS PULEX (L.) BELOW WATERCRESS BEDS
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THE EFFECT OF MALATHION 60 ON GAMMARUS PULEX (L.) BELOW WATERCRESS BEDS

机译：马拉硫磷60对水培床下方的蒲葵（L.）的影响

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摘要

The organophosphorus insecticide Malathion 60 is used to control terrestrial arthropod pests on watercress, Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum L. (Hayek). The use of this pesticide could damage aquatic invertebrate communities in nearby chalk streams, so an in situ experiment was undertaken with the amphipod Gammarus pulex L. to determine the extent of this risk. Caged G. pulex were placed below two selected watercress beds and their associated settling pools, and their mortality, feeding rate, and acetylcholinesterase activity measured before and after the application of Malathion 60 to the watercress crop. The differences found between prespray and postspray samples of G. pulex taken from the stations immediately below both watercress beds follow: (a) the acetylcholinesterase activity was significantly lower at both stations after spray application; (b) the mortality rate was significantly higher at one station after spray application, but not at the other; (c) there were no clear effects on feeding rates at either station. Also, there were no significant detrimental effects at either of the stations located below the settling pools. Results from this study suggest that the use of Malathion 60 on watercress beds at recommended rates presents little risk to G. pulex living in streams below watercress farms if bed effluent passes through a settling pool before release.
机译：有机磷杀虫剂Malathion 60用于控制豆瓣菜（Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum L.（Hayek））上的陆生节肢动物害虫。该农药的使用可能会破坏附近白垩流中的水生无脊椎动物群落，因此对两栖动物Gammarus pulex L.进行了原位实验以确定这种风险的程度。将笼养的G. pulex放置在两个选定的豆瓣床及其相关的沉降池下方，并在将马拉硫磷60施用至豆瓣作物之前和之后测量其死亡率，摄食率和乙酰胆碱酯酶活性。从两个豆瓣床正下方的工位采集的青霉菌的喷雾前和喷雾后样品之间的差异如下：（a）喷雾后两个站的乙酰胆碱酯酶活性均显着降低； （b）喷施后一个站的死亡率显着较高，而另一站则没有； （c）任一站的进食速度均无明显影响。而且，在沉降池下方的任何一个站都没有明显的有害影响。这项研究的结果表明，如果水在排放前通过沉淀池，则以推荐的速率在豆瓣床上使用Malathion 60不会对生活在豆瓣养殖场以下溪流中的G. pulex造成风险。

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