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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental toxicology and chemistry >USE OF LOADING RATES TO ESTABLISH DIOXIN CRITERIA FOR LAND APPLICATION OF SLUDGE
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USE OF LOADING RATES TO ESTABLISH DIOXIN CRITERIA FOR LAND APPLICATION OF SLUDGE

机译：利用负荷率建立二恶英标准的污泥土地应用

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摘要

A methodology derived from empirical field and laboratory data on wildlife toxicology, chemical concentrations, and loading rates is developed for defining criteria for protecting wildlife exposed to landspread materials containing 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and TCDD-like compounds. The method controls mass loading, giving it clear advantages over soil-concentration-based criteria in situations where material is spread in a relatively thin layer on the surface and not incorporated into the soil. It also controls dioxin toxic equivalents in the target organism rather than in the landspread material. It achieves a high level of protection for bird embryos by applying a safety factor to a no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) derived from egg toxicity data and combining this adjusted NOAEL with bioaccumulation data from the most efficient avian accumulator of TCDD on a landspread site. Assuming that bird embryos are among the most sensitive organisms to TCDD in the terrestrial environment, dioxin restrictions adequate to safeguard eggs will protect other wildlife inhabiting landspread sites. Using this methodology, the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources has derived the following wildlife dioxin criterion for surface spreading (i.e., no incorporation) a paper industry sludge: The sum of the mass of TCDD plus 0.0013 times the mass of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran (TCDF) shall not exceed 1.3 mg per hectare.
机译：开发了一种从野生动物毒理学，化学浓度和负载率的经验数据和实验室数据得出的方法，以定义保护暴露于含有2,3,7,8-四氯二苯并-p-二恶英（TCDD）和TCDD的陆地传播材料的野生生物的标准。类化合物。该方法控制质量负荷，在物料以较薄的层分布在表面且未掺入土壤的情况下，它比基于土壤浓度的标准具有明显的优势。它还控制目标生物而不是土地传播材料中的二恶英毒性当量。通过将安全系数应用于从鸡蛋毒性数据得出的未观察到的不利影响水平（NOAEL），并将此调整后的NOAEL与来自最有效的TCDD禽类蓄积器的生物蓄积数据相结合，可以实现对鸟类胚胎的高水平保护。一个地盘。假设鸟类胚胎是陆地环境中对TCDD最敏感的生物之一，则足以保护卵的二恶英限制条件将保护居住在陆地上的其他野生动植物。威斯康星州自然资源部采用这种方法得出了以下野生生物二恶英标准，用于造纸业污泥的表面扩散（即未掺入）：TCDD质量的总和加上2,313,7质量的0.0013倍， 8-四氯二苯并呋喃（TCDF）不得超过每公顷1.3 mg。

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