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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental toxicology and chemistry >Effects of Sublethal Doses of Herbicides on the Competitive　Interactions between 2 Nontarget Plants, Centaurea cyanus L.　and Silene noctiflora L.
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Effects of Sublethal Doses of Herbicides on the Competitive　Interactions between 2 Nontarget Plants, Centaurea cyanus L.　and Silene noctiflora L.

机译：亚致亚偶剂剂量除草剂对2个Nontarget植物，Centaurea Cyanus L.和硅氧烷Noctiflora L的竞争相互作用的影响。

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摘要

Plant competitive interactions influence the effect of herbicides, and the effect of competitive interactions on plant responses may be important to include in the ecological risk assessment of herbicides. In the present study the effect of competitive interactions and sublethal doses of 2 herbicides on plant species was investigated in competition experiments and fitted to empirical competition models. Two nontarget species commonly found in agroecosystems (Centaurea cyanus L. and Silene noctiflora L.) and 2 herbicides (glyphosate and metsulfuron methyl) were used in separate experiments. Plants were sprayed at the 6- to 8-leaf stage. Effects of herbicide treatments and plant density were modeled by generalization of a discrete hyperbolic competition model. The 10% effective dose (ED10) was calculated for C. cyanus. All experiments showed that as density increased, plants were negatively affected. Furthermore, in all cases, C. cyanus remained a better competitor than S. noctiflora. Nevertheless, the density of S. noctiflora (competitor) was an influential element in determining the ED10 of C. cyanus measured at the mature stage. With herbicide exposure, the competitive interactions were further altered; C. cyanus was less affected by glyphosate when S. noctiflora increased to high density. In contrast, at the young stage, conspecific density was important in determining the sensitivity of C. cyanus to metsulfuron methyl, whereas the density of the competitor S. noctiflora had a limited influence. Overall, the results demonstrate the importance of integrating the effect of herbicide and species interactions measured at the reproductive stage into the ecological risk assessments of pesticides. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;00:1-12. (c) 2019 SETAC
机译：植物竞争性相互作用影响除草剂的影响，竞争性相互作用对植物反应的影响可能是在除草剂的生态风险评估中的重要性。在本研究中，在竞争实验中研究了竞争性相互作用和2种除草剂2种除草剂的影响，并适合实证竞争模型。在不同的实验中使用常见于农药系统（Centaurea Cyanus L.和Silene Noctiflora L.）和2种除草剂（草甘膦和甲状腺磺顿甲基）中的两种Nontarget物种。在6-8叶阶段喷涂植物。采用离散双曲竞争模型的泛化建模除草剂处理和植物密度的影响。为C. cyanus计算了10％有效剂量（ED10）。所有实验表明，随着密度增加，植物受到负面影响。此外，在所有情况下，C. cyanus仍然比诺康多拉更好竞争对手。然而，S. noctiflora（竞争力）的密度是在确定在成熟阶段测量的C. cyanus的ED10的影响因素。除了除草剂暴露，竞争相互作用进一步改变;当S. noctiflora增加到高密度时，C. cyanus受草甘膦的影响较小。相比之下，在年轻阶段，在确定C.Cyanus对甲状腺氧基亚甲基的敏感性方面，竞争对手S. noctiflora的密度有有限的影响。总体而言，结果证明了将在生殖阶段测量的除草剂和物种相互作用的影响集成到农药生态风险评估中。环境毒素科学2019; 00：1-12。 （c）2019 Setac

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