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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental toxicology and chemistry >High-Frequency Sampling of Small Streams in the Agroecosystems of Southwestern Ontario, Canada, to Characterize Pesticide Exposure and Associated Risk to Aquatic Life
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High-Frequency Sampling of Small Streams in the Agroecosystems of Southwestern Ontario, Canada, to Characterize Pesticide Exposure and Associated Risk to Aquatic Life

机译：在加拿大安大略省西南部农业系统中的小型溪流的高频采样，以表征农药暴露和相关风险的水生生物

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The temporal dynamics of pesticide concentrations in streams remains poorly characterized in southwestern Ontario, a region of the province where land use is dominated by agriculture. Understanding the magnitude and duration of pulsed exposures to pesticides in these small streams is critical when estimating the risk of pesticides to these aquatic ecosystems. The present study investigated the application of a high-frequency water sampling approach paired with the collection of flow data to characterize the pulsed exposure of pesticides to small streams in southwestern Ontario. Six sites along 2 different streams with different magnitudes of agricultural land use in their upstream catchments were sampled using half-day composite samples from July to October 2018 and from May to September 2019. A total of 1043 samples were collected over the 2 yr, of which 210 were analyzed. Samples for analysis were chosen based on flow, water level, and precipitation data. Liquid and gas chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry was used to measure 500 pesticides in each water sample. A total of 35 different compounds were detected over the 6 sampling sites. For pesticides that were detected in 10% of water samples above the method quantification limit, a deterministic risk assessment using water quality guidelines and a probabilistic risk assessment using species sensitivity distributions were performed. The calculated hazard quotients showed that 2,4-D, atrazine, metolachlor, and metribuzin exceeded a level of concern of 1 at the highest concentrations detected. In all cases, hazard concentrations that would be protective of 95% of species from the species sensitivity distributions were greater than the 95th centile of the environmental exposure distributions, meaning that the risk from the pesticides was low. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;00:1-18. (c) 2020 SETAC
机译：在土地利用占农业占主导地位的省份，溪流中农药浓度的时间动态仍然差。了解这些小型流中脉冲暴露对农药的脉冲暴露的幅度和持续时间在估算农药到这些水生生态系统的风险时至关重要。本研究研究了高频水采样方法的应用与流量数据的集合配对，以表征农药的脉冲暴露于安大略省西南部的小型溪流。沿着两种不同的农业土地使用不同溪流的六个地点使用2018年7月至10月至2019年10月的半天复合样品进行了采样，从5月至2019年9月开始进行。在2年内收集了1043个样本。分析了210个。基于流动，水位和降水数据选择用于分析的样品。液体和气相色谱与串联质谱偶联，用于测量每个水样中的500种农药。在6个采样位点上检测到总共35种不同的化合物。对于在方法量化极限上检测到> 10％的水样中检测到的农药，进行了使用水质指南的确定性风险评估以及使用物种敏感性分布的概率风险评估。计算出的危险版本表明，在检测到的最高浓度下，2,4-d，亚哌嗪，甲基氯和Metribuzin超过了1的关注程度。在所有情况下，从物种敏感性分布保护95％物种的危害浓度大于环境暴露分布的第95个魅力，这意味着农药的风险很低。环境毒素化学2020; 00：1-18。 （c）2020 Setac

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