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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental toxicology and chemistry >A Physiologically Based Oiling Model (PBOM) to Predict Thermoregulatory Response in Birds
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A Physiologically Based Oiling Model (PBOM) to Predict Thermoregulatory Response in Birds

机译：基于生理基于的油油模型（PBOM），以预测鸟类的热调节性反应

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When birds are exposed to oil, their ability to thermoregulate is impaired as a result of damage to the insulative properties of their feathers. If an oiled bird is unable to maintain thermal homeostasis, hypothermia and death can follow rapidly. Physiological responses to oiling depend on several variables including environmental conditions (e.g., ambient air and water temperatures), life history of bird species (e.g., body size and habitat selection), and foraging strategies (e.g., divers, surface feeders, shorebirds). The most widely used approach to assess the effect of spilled oil on birds is the US Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) Type A Natural Resource Damage Assessment (NRDA) Model for Coastal and Marine Environments. This approach addresses body size and time spent in a hypothetical slick but lacks the flexibility to assess other variables related to physiological response. We developed a dynamic physiologically based oiling model (PBOM) for birds to address this need. The PBOM has been validated against empirical data from a dose-response study in which common eiders were exposed to Statfjord A crude oil. The PBOM can be used to predict time to hypothermia for birds of differing body size and habitat preferences, in environments ranging from Arctic to subtropical. The model presently includes 5 representative bird species: common eider, spotted sandpiper, great blue heron, dovekie, and American white pelican, but could be adapted to represent almost any bird. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;00:1-10. (c) 2020 SETAC
机译：当鸟类暴露于油时，它们的热料理能力因其羽毛的绝缘特性损坏而受到损害。如果涂油鸟无法维持热稳态，低温和死亡可以迅速追随。对油的生理反应取决于几个变量，包括环境条件（例如，环境空气和水温），鸟类的生命历史（例如，体型和栖息地选择），以及觅食策略（例如，潜水员，表面馈送器，船鸟）。最广泛使用的方法来评估溢油对鸟类的效果是美国综合环境反应，赔偿和责任法案（CERCLA）为沿海和海洋环境进行自然资源损伤评估（NRDA）模型。这种方法解决了在假设的光滑中花费的体型和时间，但缺乏评估与生理反应相关的其他变量的灵活性。我们开发了一种动态的生理基于的油脂模型（PBOM），用于解决这种需求。 PBOM已被验证来自常见响应研究的经验数据，其中常见的兴中将常见的兴中为attfjord是原油。在从北极到亚热带的环境范围内，PBOM可用于预测对不同体尺寸和栖息地偏好的鸟类的体温过低。该模型目前包括5种代表鸟类：普通兴奋剂，斑点鹬，大蓝鹭，鸽子和美国白鹈鹕，但可以适应几乎任何鸟。环境毒素化学2020; 00：1-10。 （c）2020 Setac

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