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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental toxicology and chemistry >Short‐Term Aging of Pod‐Derived Biochar Reduces Soil Cadmium Mobility and Ameliorates Cadmium Toxicity to Soil Enzymes and Tomato
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Short‐Term Aging of Pod‐Derived Biochar Reduces Soil Cadmium Mobility and Ameliorates Cadmium Toxicity to Soil Enzymes and Tomato

机译：POD衍生的生物炭的短期老化减少了土壤镉流动性，改善了对土壤酶和番茄的镉毒性

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Contamination of agricultural soil with cadmium (Cd) has become a global concern because of its adverse effects on ecohealth and food safety. Soil amendment with biochar has become one of the phytotechnologies to reduce soil metal phyto-availability and its potential risks along the food chain. Biochar, derived from cocoa pod, was evaluated in soil Cd fractions (exchangeable, reducible, oxidizable, and residual) by modified Commission of the European Communities Bureau of Reference sequential extraction and its efficacy to ameliorate Cd toxicity to soil enzymes and leaf bioactive compounds. A pot experiment was conducted using Cd-spiked soil at 10 mg/kg with tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) at a biochar application rate of 1 and 3% (w/w) for 6 wk. The addition of biochar significantly reduced (p 0.05) the exchangeable, reducible, and residual fractions by at least approximately 23%, with a consequential decrease in Cd root uptake and transport within tomato tissues. The activity of soil enzymes (catalase, dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, and urease) was affected by Cd toxicity. However, with the exception of dehydrogenase, biochar application significantly enhanced the activity of these enzymes, especially at the 3% (w/w) rate. As for the secondary metabolites we studied, Cd toxicity was observed for glutathione, terpenoids, and total phenols. However, the biochar application rate of 1% (w/w) significantly ameliorated the effects of toxicity on the secondary metabolites. In conclusion, biochar demonstrated the potential to act as a soil amendment for Cd immobilization and thereby reduce the bioavailability of Cd in soil, mitigating food security risks. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;00:1-11. (c) 2020 SETAC
机译：与镉（Cd），农业土壤污染已经成为全球关注的因为生态健康和食品安全的不利影响。与生物炭土壤改良剂已成为植物技术，以降低土壤金属植物可用性之一，其潜在的整个食品链中的风险。生物炭，从可可豆荚衍生，在土壤中镉的级分（可交换的，还原的，可氧化的，和残留）由参考连续提取的欧洲共同体局及其功效的改性委员会评价为改善镉毒性土壤酶和叶的生物活性化合物。通过盆栽试验使用镉加标土壤在10进行的毫克/公斤，番茄（番茄属）在1个3％的生物炭的施用率（重量/重量）6周。在加入生物炭的显著降低（p＆LT; 0.05）由至少约23％的可交换，还原，和残余馏分，镉根摄取和运输内番茄组织一项相应减少。土酶（过氧化氢酶，脱氢酶，碱性磷酸酶，和脲酶）的活性受镉的毒性。然而，随着脱氢酶之外，生物炭应用显著增强了这些酶的活性，特别是在3％（重量/重量）比率。作为我们研究的次级代谢产物，观察到谷胱甘肽，萜类化合物，和总酚镉的毒性。然而，1％（重量/重量）的生物炭施用率显著改善毒性对次级代谢的影响。总之，生物炭证明作为土壤改良剂镉固定化，从而降低镉的生物利用度在土壤中，减少食品安全风险的可能性。 ENVIRON毒理学化学2021; 00：1-11。 （C）2020 SETAC

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