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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental toxicology and chemistry >A Standardized Tritrophic Small-Scale System (TriCosm) for the Assessment of Stressor-Induced Effects on Aquatic Community Dynamics
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A Standardized Tritrophic Small-Scale System (TriCosm) for the Assessment of Stressor-Induced Effects on Aquatic Community Dynamics

机译：用于评估应激源对水生群落动态影响的标准化三营养小规模系统（TriCosm）

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摘要

Chemical impacts on the environment are routinely assessed in single-species tests. They are employed to measure direct effects on nontarget organisms, but indirect effects on ecological interactions can only be detected in multispecies tests. Micro- and mesocosms are more complex and environmentally realistic, yet they are less frequently used for environmental risk assessment because resource demand is high, whereas repeatability and statistical power are often low. Test systems fulfilling regulatory needs (i.e., standardization, repeatability, and replication) and the assessment of impacts on species interactions and indirect effects are lacking. In the present study we describe the development of the TriCosm, a repeatable aquatic multispecies test with 3 trophic levels and increased statistical power. High repeatability of community dynamics of 3 interacting aquatic populations (algae, Ceriodaphnia, and Hydra) was found with an average coefficient of variation of 19.5% and the ability to determine small effect sizes. The TriCosm combines benefits of both single-species tests (fulfillment of regulatory requirements) and complex multispecies tests (ecological relevance) and can be used, for instance, at an intermediate tier in environmental risk assessment. Furthermore, comparatively quickly generated population and community toxicity data can be useful for the development and testing of mechanistic effect models. (C) 2017 SETAC
机译：化学品对环境的影响通常在单一物种测试中进行评估。它们被用来测量对非目标生物的直接影响，但是对生态相互作用的间接影响只能在多物种测试中检测到。微观和中观世界更复杂，更符合环境现实，但是由于资源需求高，而可重复性和统计能力通常很低，因此它们很少用于环境风险评估。缺乏满足监管需求（即标准化，可重复性和复制性）的测试系统以及对物种相互作用和间接影响的影响的评估。在本研究中，我们描述了TriCosm的发展，TriCosm是一种具有3种营养水平和增强的统计能力的可重复水生多物种试验。发现3个相互作用的水生种群（藻类，色尾藻和水Hy属）的群落动态具有很高的重复性，平均变异系数为19.5％，并且能够确定较小的效应量。 TriCosm结合了单物种测试（满足法规要求）和复杂的多物种测试（生态相关性）的优点，并且可以用于例如环境风险评估的中间层。此外，相对快速生成的种群和社区毒性数据对于机械效应模型的开发和测试也很有用。 （C）2017年SETAC

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