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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental toxicology and chemistry >Insecticide-Induced Changes in Amphibian Brains: How Sublethal Concentrations of Chlorpyrifos Directly Affect Neurodevelopment
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Insecticide-Induced Changes in Amphibian Brains: How Sublethal Concentrations of Chlorpyrifos Directly Affect Neurodevelopment

机译：杀虫剂引起的两栖动物脑部变化：毒死Sub的亚致死浓度直接影响神经发育

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Widespread use of pesticides often contaminates natural habitats, exposing nontarget organisms to pesticides that were designed to control pest populations. Even low levels of pesticides can affect aquatic communities both directly and indirectly. Previous work has shown that trace amounts of the pesticide chlorpyrifos altered tadpole morphology and neurodevelopment in artificial ponds (mesocosms). To determine whether effects resulted from direct chlorpyrifos exposure or from disruption of the food web due to a pesticide-induced decline in zooplankton, we examined the impacts of chlorpyrifos on amphibian development in the presence of chlorpyrifos-resistant zooplankton, a key component of the aquatic trophic community. Northern leopard frog (Lithobates pipiens) tadpoles were reared through metamorphosis in mesocosms containing either 0 or 1 mu g/L chlorpyrifos and either chlorpyrifos-resistant or chlorpyrifos-sensitive Daphnia pulex zooplankton. Developmental exposure to chlorpyrifos resulted in metamorphs with a relatively wider optic tectum, medulla, and diencephalon compared with controls, and this result was found regardless of the zooplankton population within the mesocosm. Thus, chlorpyrifos directly impacted brain development, independent of the effects on the trophic community. With respect to body shape, chlorpyrifos had no effect on body shape of metamorphs reared in mesocosms with chlorpyrifos-sensitive zooplankton, but body shape was sensitive to zooplankton population in the absence of chlorpyrifos. To conclude, low, ecologically relevant doses of organophosphorous pesticides can directly impact neurodevelopment in a vertebrate model. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:2692-2698. (c) 2018 SETAC
机译：农药的广泛使用经常污染自然栖息地，使非目标生物接触旨在控制害虫种群的农药。甚至低水平的农药也会直接或间接地影响水生社区。先前的工作表明，痕量农药毒死pesticide改变了人工池塘（中膜）中的形态和神经发育。为了确定是由于直接暴露于毒死rif还是由于农药引起的浮游生物下降导致食物网破坏而产生的影响，我们研究了在存在对毒死rif具有抵抗力的浮游生物（水生生物的重要组成部分）的情况下毒死rif对两栖动物发育的影响。营养社区。北部豹蛙（Lithobates pipiens）through通过含有0或1μg/ L毒死rif和抗毒死rif或对毒死rif敏感的水蚤（Daphnia pulex）浮游动物的中转体的变态饲养。与对照组相比，毒死rif的发育暴露导致视晶状体，髓质和间脑变态的变态，与中膜内的浮游动物种群无关，发现了该结果。因此，毒死rif直接影响大脑的发育，而不受对营养社区的影响。关于体形，毒死rif对在对毒死-敏感的浮游动物的中观中饲养的变质的体形没有影响，但是在没有毒死rif的情况下，体形对浮游动物种群敏感。总之，低生态剂量的有机磷农药可直接影响脊椎动物模型中的神经发育。 Environ Toxicol Chem 2018; 37：2692-2698。 （c）2018年SETAC

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