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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental toxicology and chemistry >Characterization of Cadmium and Calcium Fluxes Along the Gut, Malpighian Tubules, and Anal Papillae of the Dipteran Chironomus riparius
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Characterization of Cadmium and Calcium Fluxes Along the Gut, Malpighian Tubules, and Anal Papillae of the Dipteran Chironomus riparius

机译：沿Dipteran Chironomus riparius肠，马尔皮基小管和肛门乳头的镉和钙通量的特征

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Chironomids are often one of the dominant organisms in significantly polluted freshwater. Many invertebrate studies have characterized whole-organism mechanisms of toxicity, for example, assessing cadmium (Cd) uptake via calcium (Ca) channels. However, with the use of the scanning ion-selective electrode technique and an innovative Cd-selective microelectrode, we analyze this relationship at the organ level using a realistic concentration of Cd and Ca in the hemolymph (blood). Generally, Cd fluxes follow the same directional pattern as Ca, although Ca fluxes are approximately 5 times higher than those of Cd. These results correlate well with previous studies indicating that chironomids have a higher affinity for Ca over Cd, which affords them tolerance to Cd toxicity. When saline Ca concentration was increased to 10 times physiological levels, Cd fluxes from the gut lumen into the cells of the midgut regions were reduced by 50 to 80%. Transport of Cd from hemolymph to tissue for the posterior midgut, Malpighian tubule, and proximal ceca was also reduced by approximately 50%. The present results indicate that Cd fluxes into or across the gut and Malpighian tubules are reduced by high Ca, suggesting that Cd may be transported in some cells by similar mechanisms. However, Cd was actively excreted at the anal papillae after a 48-h waterborne exposure to Cd, but this process was independent of Ca and instead may involve a P-glycoprotein-related pump to detoxify Cd. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:2542-2549. (c) 2018 SETAC
机译：尺虫通常是污染严重的淡水中的优势生物之一。许多无脊椎动物研究都以毒性为特征的全生物机制，例如评估通过钙（Ca）通道吸收镉（Cd）的能力。但是，通过使用扫描离子选择电极技术和创新的Cd选择微电极，我们使用血淋巴（血液）中实际的Cd和Ca浓度在器官水平分析了这种关系。通常，Cd通量遵循与Ca相同的方向性模式，尽管Ca通量约为Cd的5倍。这些结果与以前的研究很好地相关，表明chironomids对Ca的亲和力高于Cd，这使它们对Cd的毒性具有耐受性。当盐水中的钙浓度增加到生理水平的10倍时，从肠腔进入中肠区域细胞的Cd通量减少了50％至80％。 Cd从血淋巴到后中肠，Malpighian小管和盲肠近端的运输也减少了约50％。目前的结果表明，高Ca会降低Cd流入或穿过肠道和Malpighian小管的通量，这表明Cd可能通过相似的机制在某些细胞中转运。但是，在水中48小时暴露于Cd后，Cd会在肛门乳头处主动排泄，但是此过程与Ca无关，而可能涉及与P糖蛋白相关的泵使Cd解毒。 Environ Toxicol Chem 2018; 37：2542-2549。 （c）2018年SETAC

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