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Social processes and group decision making: anonymity in group decision support systems

机译：社会过程和群体决策：群体决策支持系统中的匿名性

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摘要

Various social processes in decision-making groups are considered detrimental to the quality of decisions. It is often assumed that removing the ability for groups to exert strong social influence on its members improves group decisions. Group Decision Support Systems (GDSSs) are increasingly used to remedy the social faults of the decision-making process in groups. In these systems, anonymity is seen as a tool to reduce the impact of the group over its members, and therefore as the key to improved group performance. This meta-analytic review examines the assumption that anonymity in GDSSs is beneficial for group decision-making on a range of performance indicators. In 6 meta-analyses of l2 independent investigations there is no support for this hypothesis. The only reliable effect of anonymity was to lead to more contributions, especially more critical ones. An alternative model is presented to account for the findings. This model argues that performance in decision-making groups depends on the social context and relevant social norms as well as on system characteristics such as anonymity. It is concluded that the integration of anonymity into phases of group decision support does not guarantee improved performance.
机译：决策小组中的各种社会过程被认为不利于决策质量。通常认为，消除团体对其成员施加强大社会影响力的能力可以改善团体决策。群体决策支持系统（GDSS）越来越多地用于纠正群体决策过程中的社会错误。在这些系统中，匿名被视为减少组对其成员的影响的工具，因此是提高组性能的关键。这项荟萃分析综述检验了以下假设：GDSS中的匿名性对一系列绩效指标上的团队决策是有益的。在12个独立研究的6项荟萃分析中，没有支持这种假设的证据。匿名的唯一可靠作用是导致做出更多贡献，尤其是更重要的贡献。提出了一种替代模型来说明发现。该模型认为，决策小组的绩效取决于社会背景和相关的社会规范以及匿名等系统特征。结论是，将匿名性集成到群体决策支持的各个阶段并不能保证性能的提高。

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