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首页> 外文期刊>Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science >Recruitment patterns, low cannibalism and reduced interspecific predation contribute to high invasion success of two Pacific crabs in northwestern Europe
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Recruitment patterns, low cannibalism and reduced interspecific predation contribute to high invasion success of two Pacific crabs in northwestern Europe

机译：招聘模式，低食人族和减少种间捕食有助于西北欧洲两只太平洋蟹的高入侵成功率

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摘要

Life-history traits and interactions with native species play an important role for the successful establishment of non-native species in new habitats. We investigated the recent successful invasion of the Pacific crabs Hemigrapsus takanoi and H. sanguineus to the southeastern North Sea coast with respect to their recruitment patterns, as well as interactions of juvenile with sub-adult individuals among the Pacific crabs and with native shore crabs Carcinus maenas. A field survey of juvenile native and introduced crab abundances (carapace width 1.4-10 mm) was conducted in the northern Wadden Sea, spanning 24 months from 2014 to 2016. The survey revealed different seasonal recruitment patterns of native C maenas and both introduced Hemigrapsus species. Native shore crabs showed a single recruitment peak from June to July, while Hemigrapsus spp. mainly recruited from August to early September, but recruits occurred in low densities throughout the winter until the end of the following spring season. Field experiments on the effects of larger crabs on the recruitment intensity showed that recruitment of H. takanoi was enhanced by the presence of larger congeners, but remained unaffected by larger C. maenas. Recruitment of juvenile C maenas, by contrast, was reduced by the presence of larger Hemigrapsus spp. Additional laboratory experiments revealed high rates of cannibalism on newly recruited C. maenas by subadult conspecifics as well as strong predation by larger Hemigrapsus spp. In contrast, newly recruited Hemigrapsus spp. had a much lower risk of being preyed on by subadult conspecifics and native shore crabs. Our results suggest that the timing of recruitment in combination with low intraspecific competition and reduced predation pressure by native shore crabs are crucial for the rapid and ongoing establishment of Hemigrapsus spp. in the Wadden Sea. (C) 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
机译：生命历史特征和与本地物种的相互作用对于在新栖息地中成功建立非本地物种起着重要作用。我们调查了太平洋螃蟹Hemigrapsus takanoi和H.sanguineus最近成功入侵北海东南海岸的招募方式，以及太平洋螃蟹中的未成年个体与未成年个体以及与沿海蟹Carcinus的相互作用梅纳斯。在2014年至2016年的24个月内，对北部瓦登海进行了幼稚的本地和外来蟹丰度（甲壳宽1.4-10毫米）的野外调查。该调查揭示了本地C纳纳斯捕食者和引进的Hemigrapsus物种的不同季节性招聘模式。本地岸蟹在6月至7月呈现一个单一的募集高峰，而Hemigrapsus属。主要是从8月到9月初招募，但整个冬季直到下个春季末都以低密度招募。对大螃蟹对募集强度的影响的野外实验表明，大同类动物的存在增强了高寒蟹的募集，但仍然不受大型梭鱼的影响。相比之下，较大的Hemigrapsus spp的存在减少了幼龄C maenas的招聘。额外的实验室实验显示，亚成体亚种对新近招募的美人鱼的食人率很高，而较大的Hemigrapsus spp捕食力强。相反，新招募的Hemigrapsus spp。被亚成年物种和本地岸蟹捕食的风险要低得多。我们的结果表明，结合招募的时机以及较低的种内竞争和天然岸蟹的捕食压力降低对于Hemigrapsus spp的快速持续建立至关重要。在瓦登海。 （C）2017作者。由Elsevier Ltd.发布

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