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首页> 外文期刊>Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science >Modern rhodoliths from the insular shelf of Pico in the Azores (Northeast Atlantic Ocean)
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Modern rhodoliths from the insular shelf of Pico in the Azores (Northeast Atlantic Ocean)

机译：来自亚速尔群岛（东北大西洋）Pico岛架的现代菱形石

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摘要

A seabed sediment-sampling survey conducted on the Pico insular shelf found abundant rhodoliths between - 64 and - 73 m off the south coast of the island. These were small and mainly ellipsoidal in shape with a maximum diameter of 3.75 cm. Granules and small pebbles of eroded basalt were also a typical component of these samples. Thin algal crusts were secreted on basalt pebbles by the coralline red algae Phymatolithon calcareum which, in turn, were covered by Lithophyllum incrustans. Additional samples were collected by snorkelling at Mare (Lajes do Pico), a shallow lagoon (2-4 m in depth) on the south coast. Here, rhodoliths are mostly spheroidal and bigger (maximum diameter of 4.75 cm), formed by thin thalli of P. calcareum. Based on these results (distribution of shapes and species) and previous work on the characteristics of fossil specimens from Neogene deposits on Santa Maria Island (Azores) and other North Atlantic Archipelagos, an empirical depositional model is proposed for the development of rhodoliths on the Pico Island shelf: (1) Nearshore rhodoliths, formed solely by P. calcareum, are subjected to a wide range of currents and waves resulting in their spheroidal shapes. However, those of Mare lagoon are protected from offshore transport and tend to grow larger than deep water rhodoliths; (2) Although not sampled, there must be middle shelf rhodoliths formed solely by P. calcareum that tend to form more ellipsoidal shapes due to seafloor oscillatory movements caused by waves crossing the shelf; (3) During storms, these middle shelf rhodoliths are then transported to the outer shelf, where L. incrustans overgrows the initial cover of P. calcareum. Shallow associations are normally larger, reflecting therefore, a longer life span than the deeper associations. Transport by storms appears to be an important factor in the formation of some deep-water rhodoliths around volcanic oceanic islands subjected to high-wave energy. However, their exposure to an energetic environment and likely frequent offshore transport does not allow them to grow as large as those from shallow-water.
机译：在皮库岛（Pico）岛架上进行的海底沉积物取样调查中，在该岛南海岸附近-64至-73 m之间发现了丰富的菱锰矿。它们很小，形状主要是椭圆形，最大直径为3.75厘米。被侵蚀的玄武岩的颗粒和小卵石也是这些样品的典型成分。珊瑚红藻Phymatolithon calcareum将细薄的藻壳分泌到玄武岩卵石上，然后由Lithophyllum incrustans覆盖。在南海岸的一个浅泻湖（深度2-4 m）的Mare（Lajes do Pico）浮潜，收集了其他样品。在这里，红景天大部分是球形的，并且较大（最大直径为4.75 cm），是由P. calcareum的薄thalli形成的。基于这些结果（形状和物种的分布）以及先前关于圣玛丽亚岛（亚速尔群岛）和其他北大西洋群岛新近纪沉积物化石标本的特征的工作，提出了一种经验沉积模型，用于在笔克上开发菱锰矿岛架：（1）仅由钙假单胞菌形成的近岸菱形石受到广泛的洋流和波浪作用，形成球形。但是，Mare泻湖的那些受到保护，不受海上运输的影响，并且其生长趋势要比深水的菱锰矿大。 （2）尽管未取样，但必须有仅由钙生假单胞菌形成的中间架子菱形石，由于横越架子的海浪引起的海底振荡运动，它们倾向于形成更椭圆的形状； （3）在暴风雨期间，这些中间架子的菱形石随后被运送到外面的架子，那里的L. incrustans越过了P. calcareum的最初覆盖物。浅层关联通常较大，因此比深层关联具有更长的寿命。风暴的运输似乎是在受到海浪能量影响的火山海洋岛屿周围形成一些深水菱锰矿的重要因素。但是，它们暴露于充满活力的环境中，并且可能频繁地进行近海运输，因此它们的生长能力不如浅水区大。

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  • 来源
    《Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science》 |2018年第15期|7-17|共11页
  • 作者

    Rebelo Ana Cristina; Johnson Markes E.; Quartau Rui; Rasser Michael W.; Melo Carlos S.; Neto Ana I.; Tempera Fernando; Madeira Patricia; Avila Sergio P.;

  • 作者单位

    Inst Hidrog, Div Geol Marinha, Rua Trinas 49, P-1249093 Lisbon, Portugal;

    Williams Coll, Dept Geosci, Williamstown, MA 01267 USA;

    Inst Hidrog, Div Geol Marinha, Rua Trinas 49, P-1249093 Lisbon, Portugal;

    SMNS, Rosenstein 1, D-70191 Stuttgart, Germany;

    Univ Acores, CIBIO Ctr Invest Biodiversidade Recursos Genet, InBio Lab Associado, Polo Acores,Dept Biol, P-9501801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal;

    Univ Acores, Dept Biol, Fac Ciencias & Tecnol, P-9501801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal;

    Univ Acores, Dept Oceanog & Pescas, MARE Marine & Environm Sci Ctr, Ctr IMAR, Rua Prof Dr Frederico Machado 4, P-9901862 Horta, Acores, Portugal;

    Univ Acores, CIBIO Ctr Invest Biodiversidade Recursos Genet, InBio Lab Associado, Polo Acores,Dept Biol, P-9501801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal;

    Univ Acores, CIBIO Ctr Invest Biodiversidade Recursos Genet, InBio Lab Associado, Polo Acores,Dept Biol, P-9501801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    Coralline red algae; Epibionts; Ecology; Shelf transport; Pico Island; Azores;

    机译：珊瑚红藻;表皮;生态学;货架运输;皮克岛;亚速尔群岛;

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