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首页> 外文期刊>Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science >Impact of Deepwater Horizon spill on food supply to deep-sea benthos communities
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Impact of Deepwater Horizon spill on food supply to deep-sea benthos communities

机译：“深水地平线”溢油对深海底栖生物群落食物供应的影响

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Deep-sea ecosystems encompass unique and often fragile communities that are sensitive to a variety of anthropogenic and natural impacts. After the 2010 Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill, sampling efforts documented the acute impact of the spill on some deep-sea coral colonies. To investigate the impact of the DWH spill on quality and quantity of biomass delivered to the deep-sea, a suite of geochemical tracers (e.g., stable and radio-isotopes, lipid biomarkers, and compound-specific isotopes) was measured from monthly sediment trap samples deployed near a high-density deep-coral site in the Viosca Knoll area of the north-central Gulf of Mexico prior to (Oct-2008 to Sept-2009) and after the spill (Oct-10 to Sept-11). Marine (e.g., autochthonous) sources of organic matter (OM) dominated the sediment traps in both years, however after the spill, there was a pronounced reduction in marine-sourced OM, including a reduction in marine-sourced sterols and n-alkanes and a concomitant decrease in sediment trap organic carbon and pigment flux. Results from this study indicate a reduction in primary production and carbon export to the deep-sea in 2010-2011, at least 6-18 months after the spill started. Whereas satellite observations indicate an initial increase in phytoplankton biomass, results from this sediment trap study define a reduction in primary production and carbon export to the deep-sea community. In addition, a dilution from a low-C-14 carbon source (e.g., petro-carbon) was detected in the sediment trap samples after the spill, in conjunction with a change in the petrogenic composition. The data presented here fills a critical gap in our knowledge of biogeochemical processes and sub-acute impacts to the deep-sea that ensued after the 2010 DWH spill. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
机译：深海生态系统包含对各种人为和自然影响敏感的独特且往往脆弱的社区。 2010年深水地平线（DWH）漏油之后，抽样工作记录了漏油对一些深海珊瑚群落的严重影响。为了调查DWH溢漏对输送到深海的生物质的质量和数量的影响，从每月的沉积物捕集阱中测量了一套地球化学示踪剂（例如，稳定同位素和放射性同位素，脂质生物标志物和化合物特异性同位素）在泄漏发生之前（2008年10月至2009年9月）和泄漏事件发生之后（10月10日至9月11日），样本在墨西哥中北部海湾的Viosca Knoll地区的高密度深珊瑚区域附近部署。在这两个年份中，海洋（例如自生）有机物（OM）来源都占了沉积物陷阱的主要部分，但是，溢油事件发生后，海洋来源的OM明显减少，包括海洋来源的固醇和正构烷烃的减少。随之而来的是沉积物捕集阱中有机碳和颜料通量的减少。这项研究的结果表明，在泄漏发生后至少6至18个月，2010-2011年初级生产和向深海的碳出口减少。卫星观测表明浮游植物生物量最初有所增加，但该沉积物陷阱研究的结果表明初级生产和向深海社区的碳出口减少。另外，溢油后在沉积物捕集阱样品中检测到低碳C-14碳源（例如石油碳）的稀释液，同时还改变了岩石成因。此处提供的数据填补了我们对生物地球化学过程和2010年DWH泄漏后产生的对深海的亚急性影响的认识中的关键空白。由Elsevier Ltd.发布

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