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首页> 外文期刊>Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science >Modeling larval connectivity of the Atlantic surfclams within the Middle Atlantic Bight: Model development, larval dispersal and metapopulation connectivity
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Modeling larval connectivity of the Atlantic surfclams within the Middle Atlantic Bight: Model development, larval dispersal and metapopulation connectivity

机译：模拟大西洋中部大西洋沿岸海域幼虫的连通性：模型开发，幼虫扩散和种群分布连通性

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摘要

To study the primary larval transport pathways and inter-population connectivity patterns of the Atlantic surfclam, Spisula solidissima, a coupled modeling system combining a physical circulation model of the Middle Atlantic Bight (MAB), Georges Bank (GBK) and the Gulf of Maine (GoM), and an individual-based surfclam larval model was implemented, validated and applied. Model validation shows that the model can reproduce the observed physical circulation patterns and surface and bottom water temperature, and recreates the observed distributions of surfclam larvae during upwelling and downwelling events. The model results show a typical along-shore connectivity pattern from the northeast to the southwest among the surfclam populations distributed from Georges Bank west and south along the MAB shelf. Continuous surfclam larval input into regions off Delmarva (DMV) and New Jersey (NJ) suggests that insufficient larval supply is unlikely to be the factor causing the failure of the population to recover after the observed decline of the surfclam populations in DMV and NJ from 1997 to 2005. The GBK surfclam population is relatively more isolated than populations to the west and south in the MAB; model results suggest substantial inter-population connectivity from southern New England to the Delmarva region. Simulated surfclam larvae generally drift for over one hundred kilometers along the shelf, but the distance traveled is highly variable in space and over time. Surfclam larval growth and transport are strongly impacted by the physical environment. This suggests the need to further examine how the interaction between environment, behavior, and physiology affects inter-population connectivity. Larval vertical swimming and sinking behaviors have a significant net effect of increasing larval drifting distances when compared with a purely passive model, confirming the need to include larval behavior.
机译：为了研究大西洋海浪蛤Spi的主要幼体运输途径和种群间连通性模式，一种耦合建模系统，该系统结合了中大西洋大西洋（MAB），乔治银行（GBK）和缅因州海湾（ GoM），并实施，验证和应用了基于个人的Surfclam幼虫模型。模型验证表明，该模型可以重现观察到的物理循环模式以及地表和底部水温，并在上涌和下涌事件期间重现冲浪蛤仔幼虫的观察分布。模型结果表明，在乔治·班克斯（Georges Bank）西部和南部沿MAB架子分布的冲浪人口中，东北到西南地区具有典型的沿海连通模式。从1997年开始在Delmarva（DMV）和New Jersey（NJ）以外的地区连续输入鱼虾幼虫，这表明，由于1997年DMV和NJ中鱼虾种群的下降，虾苗供应不足​​不太可能成为导致种群无法恢复的因素到2005年。GBK冲浪人口比MAB西部和南部的人口相对孤立。模型结果表明，从新英格兰南部到德尔马（Delmarva）地区之间存在大量的种群间连通性。模拟的蛤c幼虫通常沿着架子漂移一百多公里，但是所经过的距离在空间和时间上变化很大。蛤类幼体的生长和运输受到物理环境的强烈影响。这表明需要进一步检查环境，行为和生理之间的相互作用如何影响种群间的连通性。与纯被动模型相比，幼虫的垂直游动和下沉行为具有显着的净效应，增加了幼虫的漂移距离，从而确认了需要包括幼虫行为。

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