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Contrasting tropical estuarine ecosystem functioning and stability: A comparative study

机译：对比热带河口生态系统的功能和稳定性：一项比较研究

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A comparative study of the Sine-saloum (Senegal) and Gambia (The Gambia) estuaries was performed based on trophic model outputs that describe the system structure and functioning. These trophic models were constructed such as to differentiate main energetic flows in the systems and express how climate change may have impacted ecosystem resilience to change. Estuarine fish assemblages are highly resilient despite exposure to vast hydrodynamic variations and stress. Coupled with strong anthropogenic-driven stresses such as fisheries and climate change, ecosystems may undergo severe regime shifts that may weaken their resilience and stability. Taxonomically related and morphologically similar species do not necessarily play similar ecological roles in these two ecosystems. Biomass and production in the Sine-saloum are concentrated at trophic levels (TLs) 2 and 3, while for the Gambia, both are concentrated at TL3. Higher TL biomasses in Gambia compared to Sine-Saloum may be explained by the latter ecosystem being characterized by inverse hypersalinity. Higher TL. of production in Sine-Saloum is due to higher exploitations compared to Gambia where fishing activities are still less developed. High production and consumption rates of some groups in both ecosystems indicate high system productivity. Elevated productivity may be due to higher abundance of juvenile fishes in most groups that utilize the latter as refuge and/or nursery zones. Both ecosystems are phytoplankton-driven. Differences in group trophic and ecological roles are mainly due to adaptive responses of these species to seasonal and long-term climate and anthropogenic stressors. System indicators suggest different levels of ecosystem resilience and stability as a function of biodiversity. Relevance of other observations on ecosystem functioning and indicators in relation to perturbation is discussed. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：基于描述系统结构和功能的营养模型输出，对Sine-saloum（塞内加尔）和冈比亚（冈比亚）河口进行了比较研究。构造这些营养模型是为了区分系统中的主要能量流，并表达气候变化如何影响生态系统的变化适应力。尽管受到巨大的水动力变化和压力的影响，河口鱼类组合仍具有很高的弹性。再加上诸如渔业和气候变化等由人为驱动的强烈压力，生态系统可能会经历严重的政权转移，从而削弱其弹性和稳定性。在这两个生态系统中，与生物分类有关和形态相似的物种不一定发挥相似的生态作用。正弦盐沼的生物量和产量集中在营养水平（TLs）2和3，而冈比亚的生物量和产量都集中在TL3。与正弦-萨洛姆峰相比，冈比亚的TL生物量更高，原因可能在于后者的生态系统具有反高盐度的特征。更高的TL。与冈比亚相比，正弦-萨洛姆（Sine-Saloum）的产量增长是由于开采量较高，而冈比亚的捕鱼活动仍较不发达。两个生态系统中某些群体的高生产率和高消耗率表明高系统生产力。生产力的提高可能是由于在大多数将幼鱼用作避难区和/或苗圃区的群体中，幼鱼的丰度较高。这两个生态系统都是由浮游植物驱动的。群体营养作用和生态作用的差异主要是由于这些物种对季节和长期气候以及人为压力源的适应性反应。系统指标表明，生态系统的复原力和稳定性水平随生物多样性而变化。讨论了其他有关生态系统功能的观察结果和与摄动有关的指标的相关性。 （C）2015 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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