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Morphodynamic evolution of an intertidal mudflat under the influence of Amazon sediment supply - Kourou mud bank, French Guiana, South America

机译：受亚马逊河沉积物供应影响的潮间带滩涂的形态动力学演化-南美洲法属圭亚那库鲁泥滩

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摘要

The coastal environment between the Amazon and the Orinoco Rivers is characterised by the migration of large mud banks formed by accretion of the muddy discharge from the Amazon. The migration of mud in the shallow coastal waters is associated with the creation of mudflats that form a surface for the development of coastal mangroves after consolidation. This study focuses on the fine-scale sedimentary processes involved in the morphodynamic evolution of a consolidated mudflat and its erosion. Mudflats can be divided into two areas: the seafront and the inner part between the seafront and the land. This study highlights a link between tidal mud supply, biofilm migration and increasing elevation in the latter area. The migration of a biofilm through each cycle of tidal supply prevents erosion and permits the continuous accretion of the entire mudflat over several years. This increase in topography is also modulated by fortnightly tidal cycles. Desiccation greatly impacts the mudflat's structure at a yearly scale. This process plays an important role in the erosion of the seafront area under wave action by allowing the formation of mud pebbles, which are progressively abraded into fluid mud supplied to the inner part of the mudflat by over-wash processes. This study provides a better understanding of the behaviour of mudflats on the wave-exposed coast downdrift of the mouth of the Amazon by describing: (1) the processes involved in sediment exchanges between mudflats and mud banks, (2) the mechanisms associated with the persistence of mudflats along the French Guiana coast downdrift of the mouth of the Amazon, and (3) the processes involved in the erosion and recycling of these mudflats. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：亚马逊河和奥里诺科河之间的沿海环境的特点是，由于亚马逊河的泥泞淤积物的堆积，形成了大的泥滩。泥浆在沿海浅水区的迁移与泥滩的形成有关，泥滩在固结后形成了沿海红树林发展的表面。这项研究的重点是固结泥滩的形态动力学演化及其侵蚀所涉及的精细沉积过程。泥滩可分为两个区域：沿海地区和沿海地区与陆地之间的内部区域。这项研究突出了潮汐泥浆供应，生物膜迁移与后者地区海拔升高之间的联系。生物膜在每个潮汐供应周期中的迁移可防止侵蚀，并允许在几年内连续增加整个滩涂。每两周潮汐周期也可以调节地形的增加。每年的干燥都会极大地影响泥滩的结构。该过程在波浪作用下，通过允许形成泥卵石而在波浪作用下对沿海地区的侵蚀中起重要作用，这些泥卵石逐渐被磨蚀成通过过度冲洗过程供应到泥滩内部的流体泥浆。这项研究通过描述：（1）滩涂与泥滩之间的泥沙交换所涉及的过程，（2）与滩涂相关的机理，更好地了解了滩涂在亚马逊河口波状暴露的海岸向下漂移中的行为。沿法属圭亚那沿海地区的滩涂持续存在，并沿亚马逊河口向下漂移；（3）侵蚀和回收这些滩涂的过程。 （C）2015 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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