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首页> 外文期刊>Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science >Climate change awareness and strategies for communicating the risk of coastal flooding: A Canadian Maritime case example
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Climate change awareness and strategies for communicating the risk of coastal flooding: A Canadian Maritime case example

机译：气候变化意识和传播沿海洪灾风险的策略：加拿大海事案例

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Rising sea levels, due to thermal expansion of the ocean, and higher frequency and intensity of coastal and inland storms threaten coastal communities worldwide. The implementation of pro-active, planned adaptation to reduce community vulnerability is strongly dependent upon people's perception of the threat posed to their communities at the local scale. Unfortunately, the scarcity of research into effective risk communication limits our understanding of how climate change evidence can most effectively raise risk awareness and inspire community adaptation. With a focus on a case study situated in the Tantramar area of South-East New Brunswick, Canada - an area subject to very large tidal forces from the Bay of Fundy - this study set out to assess public awareness about the link between climate change and elevated risk of regional dyke failure, measure how different multi-media visualizations influence public risk perception, and provide general recommendations for the development of flood risk communication strategies in coastal zones. The results from 14 focus groups (n = 157 participants) revealed that 81% of respondents felt that the problem of climate change was considerable or severe. However, when asked for their assessment of personal vulnerability to dyke failure and subsequent coastal flooding, only 35.6% considered themselves to be at considerable or severe personal risk. Gender, education, and age were found to significantly influence initial risk perception to varying degrees, and were also associated with changes in risk perception following the communication session. While geovisually-enhanced communication strategies, involving 3D flood animations and web-based GIS maps, were no more effective at raising risk awareness than a non-enhanced communication package, qualitative responses suggested that the geovisualizations had greater emotional impact ("shock"), and contributed disproportionately to an expressed desire to become politically and socially active around the issue. In conclusion, in addition to presenting evidence in a clear and compelling way, effective coastal flood risk communication requires a supportive framework capable of building trust and encouraging public dialogue. Recommendations towards creating this framework are provided.
机译：由于海洋的热膨胀，海平面上升，沿海和内陆风暴的频率和强度更高，威胁了全世界的沿海社区。采取有计划的主动适应措施以减少社区脆弱性，在很大程度上取决于人们对当地规模对其社区构成的威胁的认识。不幸的是，缺乏有效风险沟通的研究限制了我们对气候变化证据如何最有效地提高风险意识和激发社区适应的理解。该案例研究的重点是位于加拿大新不伦瑞克省东南部的坦特拉玛地区（该地区受芬迪湾的巨大潮汐影响），该研究旨在评估公众对气候变化与气候变化之间联系的认识。区域堤防失败的风险增加，测量不同的多媒体可视化如何影响公众风险感知，并为制定沿海地区的洪水风险沟通策略提供一般性建议。 14个焦点小组（n = 157名参与者）的结果表明，有81％的受访者认为气候变化问题相当严重。但是，当要求他们评估个人对堤坝破坏和随后的沿海洪灾的脆弱性时，只有35.6％的人认为自己处于相当或严重的个人风险中。发现性别，教育程度和年龄会在不同程度上显着影响初始风险感知，并且在交流之后也与风险感知发生变化。尽管涉及3D洪水动画和基于Web的GIS地图的地理视觉增强的交流策略在提高风险意识方面比没有增强交流的软件包没有更有效的方法，但定性反应表明，地理视觉化具有更大的情感影响（“震惊”），并极大地表达了围绕该问题在政治和社会上积极参与的愿望。总之，除了以清晰和令人信服的方式提供证据外，有效的沿海洪灾风险交流还需要一个能够建立信任和鼓励公众对话的支持性框架。提供了有关创建此框架的建议。

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