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首页> 外文期刊>Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science >2000 years of sustainable use of watersheds and coral reefs in Pacific Islands: A review for Palau
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2000 years of sustainable use of watersheds and coral reefs in Pacific Islands: A review for Palau

机译：太平洋岛屿流域和珊瑚礁的2000年可持续利用：帕劳评论

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In Palau and everywhere in the world, coastal coral reefs are threatened by sedimentation resulting from land clearing in the watersheds. Palau's largest island of Babeldaob is particularly susceptible to significant erosion due to its steep topography, high rainfall, and highly erodible volcanic soil. Previous studies have shown the damaging impacts of sedimentation on coral reefs around Babeldaob Island. Related studies conducted in Micronesia have also documented that mangroves can trap about 30% of the fine eroded sediment from land. This paper examines the sediment trapping capability of cultivated wetlands, in particular taro (Colocasia esculenta) fields, which are natural wetlands used to grow taro, a main staple crop for the population. A 7-months long field study was undertaken to quantify the sediment accumulation rate for taro fields and to determine their sediment trapping efficiency. The results showed that the taro fields were able to trap on average 90% of sediment, therefore sheltering coastal coral reefs and their fisheries from the negative impacts of terrestrial runoff. Based on the results of this study, we suggest that the combined sediment trapping capacity of taro fields and mangroves helped reduce sedimentation on coral reefs around Babeldaob Island. This enabled human settlement for over 2000 years on a small Pacific Island with the main staple food being taro for starch and reef fish for protein.
机译：在帕劳和世界各地，由于流域土地清理而产生的沉积物威胁着沿海珊瑚礁。帕劳最大的Babeldaob岛因其陡峭的地形，高降雨和高度易蚀的火山土壤而特别容易受到严重侵蚀。先前的研究表明，沉积物对Babeldaob岛周围的珊瑚礁具有破坏性影响。在密克罗尼西亚进行的相关研究还证明，红树林可以捕获约30％的被侵蚀的细小泥沙。本文研究了人工湿地（特别是芋头（Colocasia esculenta））的沉积物捕获能力，芋头是用于种植芋头的天然湿地，芋头是人口的主要农作物。进行了为期7个月的野外研究，以量化芋头田的沉积物积累速率，并确定其泥沙捕获效率。结果表明，芋头田能够捕获平均90％的沉积物，因此可以保护沿海珊瑚礁及其渔业免受地表径流的负面影响。根据这项研究的结果，我们认为芋头田和红树林的结合沉积物捕获能力有助于减少Babeldaob岛周围珊瑚礁的沉积。这使人类能够在一个太平洋小岛上居住超过2000年，主要主食是芋头用作淀粉，礁鱼用于蛋白质。

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