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首页> 外文期刊>Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science >Freshwater lens formation below juvenile dunes on a barrier island (Spiekeroog, Northwest Germany)
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Freshwater lens formation below juvenile dunes on a barrier island (Spiekeroog, Northwest Germany)

机译：隔离岛上的幼年沙丘下的淡水晶状体形成（Spiekeroog，德国西北部）

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摘要

Morphodynamic changes of barrier islands and the consequences for underlying freshwater reservoirs are of major interest for coastal environments and drinking water supply in coastal areas. Here, a geomorphological and hydrological reconstruction of dune formation on a barrier island and their freshwater reservoirs is presented. The aim was to provide an integrated analysis of the co-evolution of dunes and freshwater resources during the development of a barrier island. The study area is the eastern part of Spiekeroog Island, the so-called 'Ostplate', at the Northwest German coast, that expanded significantly in the last 360 years due to coastal land reclamation. The first dune growth was initiated in the 1940s at the newly formed sand flat, and dune freshening started around 1970. Pore water measurements in November 2011, March and August 2012 confirm the existence of freshwater below the dune area and indicate a landward movement of the freshwater-saltwater interface in winter and a seaward movement in summer, respectively, in response to storms and corresponding coastal flooding. A density-dependent groundwater flow model was used to estimate the present thickness and shape of the lenses as well as to reconstruct the evolution of the freshwater reservoirs. The simulations suggest an asymmetric lens shape with a freshwater discharge "tube" below the beach to the sea and an extended brackish transition zone below the salt marsh area towards the tidal flat. The simulation results also indicate that the freshwater reservoirs are still in a stage of development (after 40 years of simulation time) and are estimated to reach steady-state after about 300-500 years under the given conditions without taking into account possible impacts of climate change.
机译：对于沿海环境和沿海地区的饮用水供应而言，屏障岛的形态动力学变化及其对潜在淡水水库的后果具有重大意义。在这里，提出了屏障岛及其淡水水库沙丘形成的地貌和水文重建。目的是对障碍岛发展过程中沙丘和淡水资源的共同演变进行综合分析。研究区域位于施皮克罗格岛的东部，即德国西北海岸的所谓的“ Ostplate”，由于沿海土地开垦，在过去的360年中，该区域显着扩展。沙丘的首次增长始于1940年代，新形成的沙地开始生长，沙丘的新鲜化始于1970年左右。2011年11月，2012年3月和2012年8月的孔隙水测量结果证实了沙丘区以下存在淡水，表明沙丘区域向内移动。响应于风暴和相应的沿海洪水，冬天的淡水-盐水界面和夏天的海向运动分别。依赖于密度的地下水流模型用于估算透镜的当前厚度和形状，并重建淡水储层的演化。模拟结果表明，透镜形状不对称，在海滩下方到海面有淡水排放“管”，在盐沼区下方向潮滩延伸了微咸的过渡带。模拟结果还表明，淡水水库仍处于开发阶段（经过40年的模拟时间），并且在不考虑气候可能影响的情况下，估计在给定条件下大约300-500年后将达到稳态。更改。

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