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首页> 外文期刊>Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science >Stable isotope methods: The effect of gut contents on isotopic ratios of zooplankton
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Stable isotope methods: The effect of gut contents on isotopic ratios of zooplankton

机译：稳定的同位素方法：肠内容物对浮游动物同位素比的影响

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摘要

In the past decade there has been an increased awareness of the potential for methodological bias resulting from multiple pre-analytical procedures in foodweb interpretations based on stable isotope techniques. In the case of small organisms, this includes the effect of gut contents on whole body signatures. Although gut contents may not reflect actual assimilation, their carbon and nitrogen values will be isotopically lighter than after the same material has been assimilated. The potential skewing of isotopic ratios in whole organism samples is especially important for aquatic environments as many studies involve trophic relationships among small zooplankton. This is particularly important in pelagic waters, where herbivorous zooplankton comprise small taxa. Hence this study investigated the effect of gut contents on the δ~(13)C and δ~(15)N ratios of three size classes of zooplankton (1.0-2.0, 2.0-4.0 and >4.0 mm) collected using bongo net tows in the tropical waters of the south-west Indian Ocean. Animals were collected at night, when they were likely to be feeding, sieved into size classes and separated into genera. We focused on Euphausia spp which dominated zooplankton biomass. Three treatment types were processed: bulk animals, bulk animals without guts and tail muscle from each size class at 10 bongo stations. The δ~(15)N ratios were influenced by zooplankton size class, presumably reflecting ontogenetic changes in diet. ANOVA post hoc results and correlations in δ~(15)N signatures among treatments suggest that gut contents may not affect overall nitrogen signatures of Euphausia spp., but that δ~(13)C signatures may be significantly altered by their presence. Carbon interpretations however, were complicated by potential effects of variation in chitin, lipids and metabolism among tissues and the possibility of opportunistic omnivory. Consequently we advocate gut evacuation before sacrifice in euphausiids if specific tissue dissection is impractical and recommend caution when using isotopic ratios of whole body zooplankton for trophic interpretations.
机译：在过去的十年中，人们对基于稳定同位素技术的食物网解释中的多种分析前程序所产生的方法学偏见的可能性有了越来越高的认识。对于小生物，这包括肠道内容物对全身特征的影响。尽管肠内容物可能无法反映实际的同化作用，但与同种物质被同化后相比，它们的碳和氮值在同位素上会更轻。由于许多研究涉及小型浮游动物之间的营养关系，因此整个生物样品中同位素比率的潜在偏差对于水生环境尤其重要。这在草食性浮游动物包括小类群的中上层水域中尤其重要。因此，本研究调查了肠道内含量对使用邦哥网丝束收集的三种大小类别的浮游动物（1.0-2.0、2.0-4.0和> 4.0 mm）浮游动物的δ〜（13）C和δ〜（15）N比的影响。西南印度洋的热带水域。晚上收集可能会进食的动物，将其筛分成大小等级，然后分成属。我们重点研究了以浮游动物生物量为主的Euphausia spp。加工了三种处理类型：散装动物，无胆量的散装动物和来自10个邦戈站每个大小等级的尾巴肌肉。 δ〜（15）N比受浮游动物大小类别的影响，大概反映了饮食的个体发育变化。方差分析的事后结果和各处理之间的δ〜（15）N标记相关性表明，肠内容物可能不会影响Euphausia spp。的总体氮标记，但δ〜（13）C标记可能因其存在而显着改变。然而，碳的解释因甲壳质，脂质和组织中新陈代谢变化的潜在影响以及机会性杂食性的可能性而变得复杂。因此，如果无法进行特定的组织解剖，我们建议在肠上消化道内排气之前先行消化，如果使用全身浮游动物的同位素比率进行营养性解释时，建议谨慎行事。

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