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首页> 外文期刊>Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science >The influence of natural and anthropogenic factors on mangrove dynamics over 60 years: The Somone Estuary, Senegal
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The influence of natural and anthropogenic factors on mangrove dynamics over 60 years: The Somone Estuary, Senegal

机译：60年来自然和人为因素对红树林动态的影响：塞内加尔索蒙河口

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摘要

Although such ecosystems are fragile, this study shows that the anthropogenic damages inflicted on the mangrove forests of West Africa can be reversed over a relatively short time period if environmental conditions are favorable. The mangrove ecosystem of the microtidal Somone Estuary, Senegal, has undergone extreme changes during the last century. The area occupied by mangrove forest was estimated with a diachronic study by GIS for the period 1946-2006. Between 1946 and 1978, 85% of the area was progressively replaced by unvegetated mudflats in the intertidal zones and by barren area in the supratidal zones. Until 1990, this was mainly a result of traditional wood harvesting. The impact was exacerbated by the closing off of the estuary to the sea (1967-1969 and 1987) and by an extended drought (1970 onwards), which resulted in a lack of renewal of water, hypersalinization and acidification. The main factors controlling mangrove evolution in the Somone ecosystem, however, are anthropogenic. Until 1990, traditional wood cutting (for wood and oyster harvesting) was practiced by the local population. Between 1978 and 1989, a small area occupied by the mangroves was stabilized. Since 1992, a modification of mangrove logging and a new reforestation policy resulted in an exponential increase of mangrove area progressively replacing intertidal mudflats. Such success in the restoration of the ecosystem reforestation is supported by favorable environmental conditions: tidal flooding, groundwater influence, rainfall during the wet season, low net accretion rate of about 0.2-0.3 cm year~-1, and a ban on the cutting of mangrove wood. The rate of mangrove loss from 1946 to 1978 was 44,000 m~2year~-1, but this has been offset by restoration efforts resulting in an increase in mangrove area from 1992 to 2006 of 63,000 m~2 year~-1.
机译：尽管此类生态系统脆弱，但这项研究表明，如果环境条件有利的话，可以在相对较短的时间内逆转对西非红树林造成的人为破坏。塞内加尔的微潮Somone河口的红树林生态系统在上个世纪经历了极大的变化。 GIS通过历时性研究估算了1946年至2006年期间的红树林面积。在1946年至1978年之间，潮间带无植被的滩涂逐渐被潮滩带的贫瘠地区所取代，占该地区的85％。直到1990年，这主要是传统木材采伐的结果。入海口的关闭（1967-1969年和1987年）和持续的干旱（1970年以后）加剧了这种影响，导致缺乏更新水，过度盐化和酸化的作用。但是，控制Somone生态系统中红树林演变的主要因素是人为的。直到1990年，当地居民一直在进行传统的伐木（伐木和牡蛎采伐）。在1978年至1989年之间，红树林所占据的一小片区域得以稳定。自1992年以来，红树林采伐的修改和新的造林政策导致红树林面积呈指数增长，逐渐取代了潮间带滩涂。在有利的环境条件下，生态系统恢复造林取得了成功：潮汐洪水，地下水影响，雨季降雨，约0.2-0.3 cm年〜-1的低净吸水率以及禁止砍伐红树林。从1946年到1978年，红树林的丧失速度为44,000 m〜2year-1，但这一恢复被恢复努力所抵消，1992年至2006年，红树林面积增加了63,000 m〜2 year-1。

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  • 来源
    《Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science》 |2011年第1期|p.93-101|共9页
  • 作者

    Issa Sakho; Valerie Mesnage; Julien Deloffre; Robert Lafite; Isabelle Niang; Guilgane Faye;

  • 作者单位

    Laboratoire de Morphodynamique Continentale et Cotiere, Universite de Rouen, UMR CNRS 6143, 76 821 Mont-Saint Aignan Cedex, France,Departement de Ceologie, Faculte des Sciences et Techniques, Universite Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Senegal;

    Laboratoire de Morphodynamique Continentale et Cotiere, Universite de Rouen, UMR CNRS 6143, 76 821 Mont-Saint Aignan Cedex, France;

    Laboratoire de Morphodynamique Continentale et Cotiere, Universite de Rouen, UMR CNRS 6143, 76 821 Mont-Saint Aignan Cedex, France;

    Laboratoire de Morphodynamique Continentale et Cotiere, Universite de Rouen, UMR CNRS 6143, 76 821 Mont-Saint Aignan Cedex, France;

    Departement de Ceologie, Faculte des Sciences et Techniques, Universite Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Senegal;

    Departement de Geographie, Faculte des Lettres et Sciences Humaines, Universite Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Senegal;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    mangrove forest rainfall anthropogenic impact gis senegal;

    机译：红树林森林降雨人为影响塞内加尔;

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