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首页> 外文期刊>Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science >Tracking stormwater discharge plumes and water quality of the Tijuana River with multispectral aerial imagery
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Tracking stormwater discharge plumes and water quality of the Tijuana River with multispectral aerial imagery

机译：利用多光谱航拍图像跟踪蒂华纳河的雨水排放羽流和水质

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摘要

Spatial-temporal characteristics and environmental factors regulating the behavior of stormwater runoff from the Tijuana River in southern California were analyzed utilizing very high resolution aerial imagery, and time-coincident environmental and bacterial sampling data. Thirty nine multispectral aerial images with 2.1-m spatial resolution were collected after major rainstorms during 2003-2008. Utilizing differences in color reflectance characteristics, the ocean surface was classified into non-plume waters and three components of the runoff plume reflecting differences in age and suspended sediment concentrations. Tijuana River discharge rate was the primary factor regulating the size of the freshest plume component and its shorelong extensions to the north and south. Wave direction was found to affect the shorelong distribution of the shoreline-connected fresh plume components much more strongly than wind direction. Wave-driven sediment resuspension also significantly contributed to the size of the oldest plume component. Surf zone bacterial samples collected near the time of each image acquisition were used to evaluate the contamination characteristics of each plume component. The bacterial contamination of the freshest plume waters was very high (100% of surf zone samples exceeded California standards), but the oldest plume areas were heterogeneous, including both polluted and clean waters. The aerial imagery archive allowed study of river runoff characteristics on a plume component level, not previously done with coarser satellite images. Our findings suggest that high resolution imaging can quickly identify the spatial extents of the most polluted runoff but cannot be relied upon to always identify the entire polluted area. Our results also indicate that wave-driven transport is important in distributing the most contaminated plume areas along the shoreline.
机译：利用非常高分辨率的航空影像以及时间巧合的环境和细菌采样数据，分析了调节加利福尼亚南部蒂华纳河雨水径流行为的时空特征和环境因素。在2003-2008年大暴雨过后，收集了39幅空间分辨率为2.1 m的多光谱航空影像。利用颜色反射特性的差异，将海洋表面分为非软水域和径流羽流的三个组成部分，以反映年龄和悬浮沉积物浓度的差异。蒂华纳河流量是调节最新鲜烟羽组分的大小及其向北和向南延伸的主要因素。发现风向对与海岸线相连的新鲜羽流成分的沿岸分布的影响远比风向更强烈。波浪驱动的泥沙再悬浮也极大地影响了最古老的羽流成分的大小。在每个图像采集时间附近收集的海浪区细菌样本用于评估每个羽流成分的污染特征。最新鲜的羽流水的细菌污染非常高（100％的冲浪区样本超过了加利福尼亚的标准），但是最旧的羽流水域是异质的，包括污染水和清洁水。航空影像档案库允许在羽流成分水平上研究河流径流特征，而以前无法使用较粗糙的卫星图像进行研究。我们的发现表明，高分辨率成像可以快速识别出污染最严重的径流的空间范围，但不能始终依赖于识别整个污染区域。我们的研究结果还表明，波浪驱动的运输对沿海岸线分布污染最严重的羽流区域很重要。

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