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首页> 外文期刊>Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science >Remote sensing of intertidal morphological change in Morecambe Bay, U.K., between 1991 and 2007
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Remote sensing of intertidal morphological change in Morecambe Bay, U.K., between 1991 and 2007

机译：1991年至2007年之间英国莫克姆湾的潮间带形态变化遥感

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Tidal Flats are important examples of extensive areas of natural environment that remain relatively unaffected by man. Monitoring of tidal flats is required for a variety of purposes. Remote sensing has become an established technique for the measurement of topography over tidal flats. A further requirement is to measure topographic changes in order to measure sediment budgets. To date there have been few attempts to make quantitative estimates of morphological change over tidal flat areas. This paper illustrates the use of remote sensing to measure quantitative and qualitative changes in the tidal flats of Morecambe Bay during the relatively long period 1991-2007. An understanding of the patterns of sediment transport within the Bay is of considerable interest for coastal management and defence purposes. Tidal asymmetry is considered to be the dominant cause of morphological change in the Bay, with the higher currents associated with the flood tide being the main agency moulding the channel system. Quantitative changes were measured by comparing a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) of the intertidal zone formed using the waterline technique applied to satellite Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images from 1991-1994, to a second DEM constructed from airborne laser altimetry data acquired in 2005. Qualitative changes were studied using additional SAR images acquired since 2003. A significant movement of sediment from below Mean Sea Level (MSL) to above MSL was detected by comparing the two Digital Elevation Models, though the proportion of this change that could be ascribed to seasonal effects was not clear. Between 1991 and 2004 there was a migration of the Ulverston channel of the river Leven north-east by about 5 km, followed by the development of a straighter channel to the west, leaving the previous channel decoupled from the river. This is thought to be due to independent tidal and fluvial forcing mechanisms acting on the channel. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of remote sensing for measurement of long-term morphological change in tidal flat areas. An alternative use of waterlines as partial bathymetry for assimilation into a morphodynamic model of the coastal zone is also discussed.
机译：潮滩是自然环境广阔区域的重要示例，这些自然区域仍然相对不受人类影响。出于各种目的，需要监视潮滩。遥感已成为测量潮滩地形的一项成熟技术。进一步的要求是测量地形变化以测量沉积物预算。迄今为止，几乎没有尝试对潮滩地区的形态变化进行定量估计。本文说明了在1991-2007年相对较长的时间内，利用遥感测量莫克姆湾潮滩的数量和质量变化。对于沿海管理和国防目的，了解海湾内的泥沙运输方式非常重要。潮汐的不对称性被认为是海湾形态变化的主要原因，与洪水相关的高潮是塑造河道系统的主要动力。通过将潮汐带的数字高程模型（DEM）与1991-1994年应用于卫星合成孔径雷达（SAR）图像的水线技术相比较，并与2005年获取的机载激光测高仪数据构建的第二个DEM相比较，来测量定量变化通过使用自2003年以来获得的其他SAR图像研究了定性变化。通过比较两个数字高程模型，发现了沉积物从平均海平面以下（MSL）到MSL上方的显着移动，尽管这种变化的比例可以归因于季节性影响尚不清楚。在1991年至2004年之间，利文河（Leven）的Ulverston河道向东北方向迁移了约5公里，随后向西发展了一条较直的河道，从而使先前的河道与河水分离了。认为这是由于作用在通道上的独立的潮汐和河流强迫机制所致。结果表明，遥感技术可用于测量潮滩地区的长期形态变化。还讨论了将水线作为部分测深法的替代用途，以吸收到海岸带的形态动力学模型中。

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