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首页> 外文期刊>Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science >High Arctic sea ice conditions influence marine birds wintering in Low Arctic regions
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High Arctic sea ice conditions influence marine birds wintering in Low Arctic regions

机译：北极高海冰条件影响低北极地区越冬的海洋鸟类

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摘要

Ocean climate change is having profound biological effects in polar regions. Such change can also have far-reaching downstream effects in sub-polar regions. This study documents an environmental relationship between High Arctic sea ice changes and mortality events of marine birds in Low Arctic coastal regions. During April 2007 and March 2009, hundreds of beached seabird carcasses and moribund seabirds were found along the east and northeast coasts of Newfoundland, Canada. These seabird "wrecks" (i.e. dead birds on beaches) coincided with a period of strong, persistent onshore winds and heavily-accumulated sea ice that blocked bays and trapped seabirds near beaches. Ninety-two percent of wreck seabirds were Thick-billed Murres (Una lomvia). Body condition and demographic patterns of wreck murres were compared to Thick-billed Murres shot in the Newfoundland murre hunt Average body and pectoral masses of wreck carcasses were 34% and 40% lighter (respectively) than shot murres, indicating that wreck birds had starved. The acute nature of each wreck suggested that starvation and associated hypothermia occurred within 2-3 days. In 2007, first-winter murres (77%) dominated the wreck. In 2009, there were more adults (78%), mostly females (66%). These results suggest that spatial and temporal segregation in ages and sexes can play a role in differential survival when stochastic weather conditions affect discrete areas where these groups aggregate. In wreck years, southward movement of Arctic sea ice to Low Arctic latitudes was later and blocked bays longer than in most other years. These inshore conditions corresponded with recent climate-driven changes in High Arctic ice break-up and ice extent; coupled with local weather conditions, these ice conditions appeared to be the key environmental features that precipitated the ice-associated seabird wrecks in the Low Arctic region.
机译：海洋气候变化在极地地区具有深远的生物影响。这种变化在亚极地区也可能产生深远的下游影响。这项研究记录了北极低海拔沿海地区海冰高度变化与海鸟死亡事件之间的环境关系。在2007年4月至2009年3月期间，在加拿大纽芬兰东部和东北海岸发现了数百只滩涂海鸟尸体和垂死海鸟。这些海鸟“残骸”（即海滩上的死鸟）与一段时间的持续强力陆上风和大量积聚的海冰相遇，从而阻塞了海湾并将海鸟困在海滩附近。 92％的沉船海鸟是厚嘴Murres（Una lomvia）。将残骸的残骸的身体状况和人口统计学特征与纽芬兰残骸狩猎中所拍摄的粗嘴怪人进行了比较。残骸的平均身体和胸腔重量分别比射杀的残骸轻34％和40％，这表明残骸的鸟类已经饿死了。每个残骸的急性性质表明饥饿和相关的体温过低会在2-3天内发生。 2007年，残骸占据了第一冬季的黑洞（占77％）。 2009年，成人人数增加了（78％），多数是女性（66％）。这些结果表明，当随机天气条件影响这些人群聚集的离散区域时，年龄和性别的时空隔离可能在差异生存中发挥作用。在失事的几年中，北极海冰向南移至北极低纬度的时间较晚，并且阻塞海湾的时间比其他年份更长。这些近海条件与北极高冰破碎和冰范围的近期气候变化有关。再加上当地的天气条件，这些冰层条件似乎是导致低北极地区冰相关海鸟残骸沉淀的关键环境特征。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science》 |2010年第1期|P.97-106|共10页
  • 作者

    Laura McFarlane Tranquilla; April Hedd; Chantelle Burke; William A. Montevecchi; Paul M. Regular; Gregory J. Robertson; Leslie Ann Stapleton; Sabina I. Wilhelm; David A. Fifield; Alejandro D. Buren;

  • 作者单位

    Cognitive and Behavioural Ecology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John's, Newfoundland, Labrador, A1B 3X9, Canada;

    rnCognitive and Behavioural Ecology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John's, Newfoundland, Labrador, A1B 3X9, Canada;

    rnCognitive and Behavioural Ecology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John's, Newfoundland, Labrador, A1B 3X9, Canada;

    rnCognitive and Behavioural Ecology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John's, Newfoundland, Labrador, A1B 3X9, Canada;

    rnCognitive and Behavioural Ecology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John's, Newfoundland, Labrador, A1B 3X9, Canada;

    rnCanadian Wildlife Service, Environment Canada, 6 Bruce Street, Mount Pearl, Newfoundland and Labrador, A1N 4T3, Canada;

    rnCognitive and Behavioural Ecology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John's, Newfoundland, Labrador, A1B 3X9, Canada;

    rnCanadian Wildlife Service, Environment Canada, 6 Bruce Street, Mount Pearl, Newfoundland and Labrador, A1N 4T3, Canada;

    rnCognitive and Behavioural Ecology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John's, Newfoundland, Labrador, A1B 3X9, Canada Canadian Wildlife Service, Environment Canada, 6 Bruce Street, Mount Pearl, Newfoundland and Labrador, A1N 4T3, Canada;

    rnCognitive and Behavioural Ecology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John's, Newfoundland, Labrador, A1B 3X9, Canada;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    arctic sea ice; ocean climate change; weather; mortality; starvation; thick-billed murre; Uria lomvia; Canada;

    机译：北极海冰;海洋气候变化;天气;死亡;饥饿;粗嘴黑斑乌里亚（Uria）加拿大;

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