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首页> 外文期刊>Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science >Fish Assemblages In Tanzanian Mangrove Creek Systems Influenced By Solar Salt Farm Constructions
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Fish Assemblages In Tanzanian Mangrove Creek Systems Influenced By Solar Salt Farm Constructions

机译：太阳盐场建设对坦桑尼亚红树林溪流系统鱼类的影响

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Deforestation of mangrove forests is common occurrence worldwide. We examined fish assemblage composition in three mangrove creek systems in Tanzania (East Africa), including two creeks where the upper parts were partly clear-cut of mangrove forest due to the construction of solar salt farms, and one creek with undisturbed mangrove forest. Fish were caught monthly for one year using a seine net (each haul covering 170 m~2) within three locations in each creek, i.e. at the upper, intermediate and lower reaches. Density, biomass and species number of fish were lower in the upper deforested sites compared to the mangrove-fringed sites at the intermediate and lower parts in the two creeks affected by deforestation, whereas there were no differences among the three sites in the undisturbed mangrove creek system. In addition, multivariate analyses showed that the structure of fish assemblages varied between forested and clear-cut sites within the two disturbed creeks, but not within the undisturbed creek. Across the season, we found no significant differences except for a tendency of a minor increase in fish densities during the rainy season. At least 75% of the fishes were juveniles and of commercial interest for coastal fisheries and/or aquaculture. Mugil cephalus, Gerres oyena and Chanos chanos were the most abundant species in the forested sites. The dominant species in the clear-cut areas were M. cephalus and Elops machnata, which were both found in relatively low abundances compared to the undisturbed areas. The conversion of mangrove forests into solar salt farms not only altered fish assemblage composition, but also water and sediment conditions. In comparison with undisturbed areas, the clear-cut sites showed higher salinity, water temperature as well as organic matter and chlorophyll a in the sediments. Our results suggest that mangrove habitat loss and changes in environmental conditions caused by salt farm developments will decrease fish densities, biomass and species numbers as well as alter the overall fish assemblage composition in the salt farm area but not downstream in the creek.
机译：在世界范围内，红树林的森林砍伐是很普遍的事情。我们检查了坦桑尼亚（东非）的三个红树林小河系统中的鱼类组合组成，其中包括两个小溪，由于太阳能盐场的建设，其上部部分为红树林的一部分；另外一个小溪则为未受干扰的红树林。在每个小河的三个位置（即上游，中游和下游），使用围网（每个拖网覆盖170 m〜2），每月捕捞一年的鱼。与受森林砍伐影响的两个小溪的中下部相比，红树林上游的鱼类密度，生物量和鱼种数量更低，而未受干扰的红树林小溪的三个地点之间没有差异。系统。此外，多变量分析表明，在两个受干扰的小河内，鱼群的结构在森林和明确地点之间变化，但在不受干扰的小河内则不同。在整个季节中，除了在雨季中鱼类密度略有增加的趋势外，我们没有发现任何显着差异。至少有75％的鱼类是幼鱼，对沿海渔业和/或水产养殖具有商业意义。头头鼠（Mugil cephalus），大叶盖勒斯（Gerres oyena）和斑潜蝇（Chanos chanos）是林区中最丰富的物种。在未砍伐地区的优势种是头叶分枝杆菌和斑纹狗（Elops machnata），与未受干扰地区相比，它们的丰度都相对较低。将红树林转变为太阳能盐场不仅改变了鱼类的组成，而且改变了水和沉积物的状况。与未受干扰的地区相比，这些清晰的地区显示出更高的盐度，水温以及沉积物中的有机质和叶绿素a。我们的结果表明，由盐场发展引起的红树林栖息地丧失和环境条件的变化将降低鱼类密度，生物量和物种数量，并改变盐场区域内鱼类的总体组成，但不会改变小溪的下游。

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