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首页> 外文期刊>Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science >Impacts of trawling on benthic macro-fauna and -flora of the Spencer Gulf prawn fishing grounds
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Impacts of trawling on benthic macro-fauna and -flora of the Spencer Gulf prawn fishing grounds

机译：拖网捕鱼对斯宾塞湾虾对虾底栖大型动物区系和植物区系的影响

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摘要

The overall effects of trawling on benthic habitats and their assemblages are dependent on the distribution and intensity of trawl effort. The benthic habitats of the Spencer Gulf prawn trawling grounds are subjected to known variable levels of trawling disturbance recorded from fisher's logbooks. These habitats have not been quantitatively investigated. The aim of the study was firstly to characterise the macro-faunal and -floral assemblages and secondly, to comparatively assess trawl impact by testing the null hypothesis of no differences between five sites exposed to different intensity of trawl effort. The distribution and abundance of benthic macro-fauna and -flora were studied at two sampling resolutions by using beam trawl sampling (～ 10,000 m~2) and underwater stereophotography (～4.5 m~2) at five sites with different levels of trawl disturbance (effort). The results showed that the Spencer Gulf prawn trawling grounds are characterised by sandy sediments with a low content of silt and clay, with the exception of one site with very fine gravel. Biomass, abundance and cover of macro-fauna and -flora were generally low throughout, but with large differences among sites. Biomass, abundance and cover were found to be negatively correlated to both trawl hours from 1994-1998 and during the period of study. ANOSIM and SIMPER analyses using biomass, abundance and percentage cover as variables showed significant differences between sites with eight species or taxonomic groups contributing more than 10% to the observed similarity within sites. The two northern sites were dominated by sponges and the bearded mussel, Trichomya hirsutus, and the southern hammer oyster, Malleus meridianus. Other species that contributed to the similarity within sites were the ascidian, Polycarpa viridis, mobile epifauna (the blue swimmer crab, Portunus pelagicus, and the western king prawn, Penaeus (Melicertus) latisulcatus) and demersal fish species (Degens leatherjacket, Thamnaconus degeni, and the Melbourne silver belly, Parequula melbournensis). Simpson's Index of Diversity (1 -λ) and species richness in the beam trawl samples were fairly even across all sites, but a significant effect of site was found in the stereophoto-graphic transect samples. It was concluded that prawn trawling has a strong influence on the structure of the benthic habitats of the Spencer Gulf prawn fishing grounds highlighted by the magnitude of change and the strength of the gradient of effects. Confounding factors linked to the biophysical attributes of the sites are believed to be minor.
机译：拖网对底栖生境及其组合的总体影响取决于拖网努力的分布和强度。斯宾塞海湾对虾拖网渔场的底栖生境受到渔民日志记录的已知不同水平的拖网干扰。这些栖息地尚未进行定量研究。该研究的目的首先是表征宏观的动物群和植物群，其次是通过检验暴露于不同拖网强度的五个地点之间没有差异的零假设来比较评估拖网的影响。在五个不同拖网干扰水平的地点，分别使用束拖网取样（〜10,000 m〜2）和水下立体摄影（〜4.5 m〜2），以两种取样分辨率研究底栖大型动物和植物的分布和丰度。努力）。结果表明，Spencer海湾对虾拖网渔场的特征是沙质沉积物，其淤泥和粘土含量低，只有一个站点具有非常细的砾石。总体上，大型动物区系和植物区系的生物量，丰度和覆盖率总体上较低，但不同地点之间存在较大差异。发现生物量，丰度和覆盖率与1994年至1998年以及研究期间的拖网时间均呈负相关。使用生物量，丰度和覆盖率百分比作为变量的ANOSIM和SIMPER分析显示，具有八个物种或生物分类组的站点之间的显着差异为站点内观察到的相似性贡献了10％以上。北部的两个地点主要是海绵和胡须贻贝（Trichomya hirsutus）以及南部的牡蛎牡蛎（Malleus meridianus）。造成地点相似的其他物种还有海生，Polycarpa viridis，流动表生动物（蓝色游泳蟹，Petunus pelagicus和西部大虾，Penaeus（Melicertus）latisulcatus）和沉水鱼类（Degens leatherjacket，Thamnaconus degeni，和墨尔本的银肚，Parequula melbournensis）。光束拖网样本中的辛普森多样性指数（1-λ）和物种丰富度在所有地点都相当均匀，但在立体摄影样面样本中发现了地点的重大影响。结论是，对虾拖网对斯宾塞海湾对虾渔场底栖生境的结构有很大影响，其变化幅度和影响梯度的强度突出了这一点。与位点的生物物理属性有关的混杂因素被认为是次要的。

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  • 来源
    《Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science》 |2009年第4期|621-631|共11页
  • 作者

    Ib Svane; Zoe Hammett; Peter Lauer;

  • 作者单位

    SARDI Aquatic Sciences, Lincoln Marine Science Centre, PO Box 1511, Port Lincoln SA5606, Australia Flinders University, Lincoln Marine Science Centre, PO Box 1511, Port Lincoln SA5606, Australia;

    Flinders University, Lincoln Marine Science Centre, PO Box 1511, Port Lincoln SA5606, Australia Lakes Environmental Ltd., Private Bag, Queenstown 9348, New Zealand;

    SARDI Aquatic Sciences, Lincoln Marine Science Centre, PO Box 1511, Port Lincoln SA5606, Australia Flinders University, Lincoln Marine Science Centre, PO Box 1511, Port Lincoln SA5606, Australia PIRSA Aquaculture Division, GPO Box 1625, Adelaide SA 5000, Australia;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    prawn fisheries; bottom trawling; benthos; environmental assessment; Australia; South Australia; spencer gulf;

    机译：大虾渔业;拖网底便当环境评估;澳大利亚;南澳大利亚;斯宾塞湾;

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