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首页> 外文期刊>Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science >First account of apochlorotic diatoms from intertidal sand of a south Florida beach
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First account of apochlorotic diatoms from intertidal sand of a south Florida beach

机译：南佛罗里达海滩潮间带脱磷硅藻的首次报道

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During the period January to December 2004, monthly intertidal sand samples were collected from John U. Lloyd State Park beach, Florida. This study is the first to report on spatial and temporal distributions of heterotrophic (apochlorotic) diatoms in a sub-tropical beach, or indeed any sandy beach. Two non-pigmented, apochlorotic diatom morphotypes (strains III and IV) were consistently isolated from two intertidal beach sites and neither conformed to the morphologies of described species. Apochlorotic diatoms were found throughout the year and formed significant peaks in April, attaining total diatom counts of 71.1 and 94.9 cells g~(-1) wet sand, for the upper tidal zone and lower tidal zone, respectively. Valve morphology is described in detail for the two diatom morphotypes isolated from the beach sites (strains III and IV). Growth responses to changes in salinity (reflecting those of the intertidal zone) were examined in the laboratory for these diatoms. Both morphotypes were euryhaline, tolerating salinities between 10 and 50, and maximum growth rates were achieved at salinities between 20 and 40. Diatoms grew equally well whether grown in the light or the dark and showed no evidence of pigments when viewed by epifluorescence microscopy. The ability of diatoms to burrow into agar and carrageenan at different concentrations was tested. Both morphotypes were observed to develop burrows through non-nutrient agar up to twice the standard concentration (30 g agar l~(-1)). The ease with which these heterotrophic diatoms formed burrows suggests that they were digesting these complex carbohydrates (i.e. phycocolloids) as a nutrient source. Strain IV, however, failed to burrow in a different phycocolloid, carrageenan. Similar degradative actions in the field might have implications for the breakdown of recalcitrant materials or allow diatoms to effectively compete with bacteria for carbon and nutrients.
机译：在2004年1月至2004年12月期间，每月从佛罗里达州的约翰·劳埃德州立公园海滩采集潮间带沙样。这项研究是第一个报告亚热带海滩或实际上任何沙滩中异养（脱氯）硅藻的时空分布的报告。从两个潮间带滩涂地点一致地分离出两种无色素的脱绿硅藻硅藻形态型（菌株III和IV），并且都不符合所描述物种的形态。全年都发现了脱磷硅藻，并在4月份形成了明显的高峰，上潮带和下潮带的硅藻总数分别达到71.1和94.9细胞g〜（-1）湿沙。从滩涂部位分离出的两种硅藻形态（阀门III和IV）详细描述了阀门的形态。在实验室中检查了这些硅藻对盐度变化（反映潮间带的变化）的生长响应。两种形态类型均为euryhaline，可耐受盐度在10至50之间，在盐度在20至40之间时可达到最大生长速率。硅藻无论在黑暗还是黑暗中均生长良好，并且通过落射荧光显微镜观察无任何色素的迹象。测试了硅藻以不同浓度钻入琼脂和角叉菜胶的能力。观察到两种形态型均通过非营养琼脂生长至标准浓度（30 g琼脂1〜（-1））的两倍。这些异养硅藻形成洞穴的难易程度表明它们正在消化这些复杂的碳水化合物（即类胶体）作为营养来源。但是，IV株未能在其他藻糖胶，角叉菜胶中挖洞。该领域类似的降解作用可能会影响顽固性物质的分解或使硅藻有效地与细菌竞争碳和养分。

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