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首页> 外文期刊>Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science >Temporal and spatial variability in the flow and dispersal of suspended-sediment on a fringing reef flat, Molokai, Hawaii
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Temporal and spatial variability in the flow and dispersal of suspended-sediment on a fringing reef flat, Molokai, Hawaii

机译：夏威夷莫洛凯岛边缘礁滩上悬浮沉积物的流动和扩散的时空分布

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摘要

A multi-year study was conducted on a shallow fringing reef flat on Molokai, Hawaii to determine the temporal and spatial dispersal patterns of terrigenous suspended sediment. During this study, trade-wind conditions existed for the majority of the year on the reef flat. The trade-wind conditions produced strong currents and resuspended moderate amounts of sediment on the reef flat on a daily basis during the year of study, resulting in an overwhelming contribution to the total sediment flux. The magnitude and direction of the trade winds relative to the orientation of the coastline, the shallow-relief and broad morphology, and tidal elevation, provided the primary control of the physical processes that resuspended and transported sediment on the reef flat over the period of record. Spatial data indicate that much of the terrigenous sediment resuspended on the reef flat is transported predominantly alongshore and is confined to the inner- to mid-reef flat. Evidence for the limited across-shore mixing and transport is provided by the dominantly alongshore wind-driven currents during trade-wind conditions and the well-defined across-shore gradient in percentage calcium carbonate of the suspended sediment. Regions of slightly offshore suspended-sediment transport along the reef flat can be attributed to the circulation pattern set up by the interaction between the trade winds, coastal morphology, and anthropogenic coastal structures (i.e., fish ponds and wharf). The regions in which sediment were seen to move offshore provide the strongest link between the sediment dynamics on reef flat and fore reef, and qualitatively appears to be correlated with low coral coverage on the fore reef.
机译：在夏威夷莫洛凯岛的浅边缘礁滩上进行了一项为期多年的研究，以确定陆源悬浮沉积物的时空分布格局。在这项研究中，礁滩上一年中的大部分时间都存在顺风条件。在研究年份中，顺风条件每天产生强流，并在礁滩上每天悬浮适量的沉积物，从而对总沉积物通量产生了压倒性的贡献。相对于海岸线的方向，浅浮雕和宽广的形态以及潮汐高程，商风的大小和方向，对记录期间在礁滩上悬浮和输送沉积物的物理过程提供了主要控制。 。空间数据表明，重悬在礁滩上的许多陆源性沉积物主要沿海岸运输，并被限制在礁滩内至礁滩内。有限的跨海混合和运输的证据是由在顺风条件下主要由沿海风驱动的气流和悬浮泥沙的碳酸钙百分比的明确定义的跨海梯度提供的。沿礁滩的近海悬浮泥沙运输区域可以归因于贸易风，沿海形态和人为沿海结构（即鱼塘和码头）之间的相互作用所建立的循环模式。可以看到沉积物向海上移动的区域在礁滩和前礁的沉积动力学之间提供最强的联系，并且定性地似乎与前礁上的低珊瑚覆盖率有关。

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