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首页> 外文期刊>Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science >Eelgrass (Zostera marina) and benthic habitat mapping in Atlantic Canada using high-resolution SPOT 6/7 satellite imagery
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Eelgrass (Zostera marina) and benthic habitat mapping in Atlantic Canada using high-resolution SPOT 6/7 satellite imagery

机译：利用高分辨率SPOT 6/7卫星图像绘制加拿大大西洋中的鳗草（Zostera marina）和底栖生物栖息地

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Eelgrass (Zostera marina) is the dominant perennial canopy-forming vegetation along the soft-sediment shores of the Northwest Atlantic. Eelgrass is considered an ecologically significant species in Atlantic Canada as it provides essential ecosystem functions and services and is an indicator of ecosystem health. Recent declines of eelgrass habitats highlight the need for methods quantifying the large-scale distribution of eelgrass throughout Atlantic Canada to monitor for further habitat loss. We used archived, high-resolution SPOT 6/7 satellite imagery to classify where vegetated habitats exist and if eelgrass was the dominant species. We focused on three bays in Nova Scotia: Port Mouton Bay, Port Joli Bay, and Jordan Bay. In 2015, field surveys were conducted to obtain training points, which were supplemented with visually identified points to perform a supervised classification based on the maximum likelihood classifier. We also performed an unsupervised classification, where clustering algorithms were used to build training sites for a maximum likelihood classifier without using field survey data. These two pixel-based approaches provided similar results across the different images. Regardless of classification type (supervised versus unsupervised), we found different levels of success for the three bays. In Port Joli Bay, we were able to calculate where vegetated habitats occurred and what was the dominant species. This provided bay-wide distribution maps and suggested that 8.61-11.10% of the bay was covered by eelgrass. In Port Mouton Bay, we were able to calculate vegetation presence from absence, and eelgrass habitats were qualitatively differentiated from seaweed habitats by incorporating substrate data and local ecological knowledge. In contrast, benthic habitats could not be classified in Jordan Bay, highlighting the importance of sufficient water clarity for classifying satellite imagery. Our study has implications for the monitoring, conservation and management of eelgrass and other vegetated coastal habitats in Atlantic Canada by providing bay-wide distribution maps, and a classification framework which requires no field survey points for ground truthing.
机译：Eelgrass（Zostera marina）是西北大西洋软沉积海岸上主要的多年生冠层植被。鳗草在加拿大大西洋被认为是具有生态学意义的物种，因为它提供了必要的生态系统功能和服务，并且是生态系统健康的指标。鳗草栖息地的近期减少表明，需要一种方法来量化整个加拿大大西洋地区鳗草的大规模分布，以监测栖息地的进一步丧失。我们使用了存档的高分辨率SPOT 6/7卫星图像来分类植被栖息地的位置以及鳗was是否是主要物种。我们专注于新斯科舍省的三个海湾：木桐港湾，乔利港湾和约旦湾。 2015年，进行了实地调查以获得训练点，并在视觉识别点的基础上对训练点进行了补充，以基于最大似然分类器进行监督分类。我们还执行了无监督分类，其中使用聚类算法为最大似然分类器构建训练站点，而无需使用现场调查数据。这两种基于像素的方法在不同的图像上提供了相似的结果。不论分类类型（有监督还是无监督），我们发现三个海湾的成功程度不同。在乔利港湾，我们能够计算出植被栖息地的位置以及主要物种是什么。这提供了整个海湾的分布图，并表明鳗草覆盖了海湾的8.61-11.10％。在木桐湾港口，我们能够根据缺席情况计算植被的存在，并通过结合底物数据和当地生态知识，将海草生境与海草生境定性区分开。相反，在约旦湾无法对底栖生境进行分类，突显了足够的净水度对卫星图像进行分类的重要性。我们的研究通过提供海湾范围的分布图和分类框架来监测，保护和管理加拿大大西洋沿岸的鳗草和其他植被沿海生境，该分类框架不需要地面实测的现场调查点。

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