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首页> 外文期刊>Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science >The ebb and flow of protons: A novel approach for the assessment of estuarine and coastal acidification
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The ebb and flow of protons: A novel approach for the assessment of estuarine and coastal acidification

机译：质子的起伏：一种评估河口和沿海酸化的新方法

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摘要

The acidification of estuarine and coastal waters is a consequence of both natural (e.g., aerobic respiration) and anthropogenic (e.g., combustion of fossil fuels, eutrophication) processes and can negatively impact the surrounding ecosystems. Until recently it was difficult to accurately measure pH, and thus total proton concentrations ( [H-T(+)]), when salinities vary significantly and rapidly as a consequence of tidal mixing. Proton production and transport are ultimately responsible for acidification in nearshore environments, and the uncertainty surrounding proton concentrations measured at high frequency has hindered our understanding of the net impact of global and local processes on estuarine and coastal acidification. Here, we quantify the rate of proton exchange between an estuary and bay to assess the extent of acidification by using the novel combination of high frequency pH(T) (total hydrogen ion concentration scale) data from an autonomous SeapHOx (TM) sensor and continuous tidal discharge measurements made between the eutrophic Murderkill Estuary and Delaware Bay. Proton fluxes reverse with each tide. However, the net non-tidal proton fluxes are directed upstream and display seasonal changes in magnitude. Our results indicate that Delaware Bay contributes to the acidification of the Murderkill Estuary, yet the degree of acidification is reduced in the summer. Using proton concentrations measured at high temporal resolution to calculate proton fluxes provides a new and relatively simple approach for quantifying the acidification of dynamic nearshore environments.
机译：河口和沿海水域的酸化是自然过程（例如有氧呼吸）和人为过程（例如化石燃料的燃烧，富营养化）的结果，会对周围的生态系统产生负面影响。直到最近，由于潮汐混合，盐度发生了显着且迅速的变化时，很难精确测量pH值，因此也难以准确测量总质子浓度（[H-T（+）]）。质子的生产和运输最终是造成近岸环境酸化的原因，而围绕高频测量的质子浓度的不确定性阻碍了我们对全球和局部过程对河口和沿海酸化的净影响的理解。在这里，我们通过使用来自自主SeapHOx（TM）传感器的高频pH（T）（总氢离子浓度标度）数据的新颖组合和连续数据，来量化河口和海湾之间的质子交换率，以评估酸化程度在富营养化的Murderkill河口和特拉华湾之间进行潮汐测量。质子通量随潮汐而反向。但是，净非潮汐质子通量被引向上游，并显示出季节性变化。我们的结果表明，特拉华湾有助于Murderkill河口的酸化，但夏季的酸化程度却降低了。使用在高时间分辨率下测量的质子浓度来计算质子通量，为量化动态近岸环境的酸化提供了一种新的且相对简单的方法。

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