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首页> 外文期刊>Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science >Salt marsh at the tip of Africa: Patterns, processes and changes in response to climate change
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Salt marsh at the tip of Africa: Patterns, processes and changes in response to climate change

机译：非洲最前端的盐沼：应对气候变化的模式，过程和变化

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This study developed a conceptual understanding of climate change responses of salt marsh in open and closed estuaries and outlined changes in terms of implications for ecosystem services. Changes in salt marsh cover in South Africa were described in relation to prevailing pressures. Salt marshes occur in the sheltered estuaries distributed along the similar to 3000 km coastline. Supratidal salt marsh occurs at elevation greater than 1.5 m amsl and are dominant in the cool temperate (5328.28 ha) and intertidal salt marsh in the warm temperate region (2093.31 ha). Although small in total extent (14 955 ha), salt marshes play a central role in biodiversity conservation because they provide critical habitat for migratory fish and birds. Approximately 43% of salt marsh habitat has been lost due to encroaching development and agriculture from the 1930s to 2018. In addition, salinisation and desiccation resulting from upstream freshwater abstraction reduces freshwater inflow, which extends periods of mouth closure in temporarily closed estuaries causing inundation and flooding of salt marsh. Predicting the combined effects of multiple stressors (increase in storm surges, floods, droughts and reduced river flow) is critical to conserve these important habitats. Research and monitoring to understand salt marsh responses is ongoing because the interface between the subtropical and warm temperate coastal regions of South Africa is expected to be affected by mangrove range expansion. This study is globally relevant as little is known about southern hemisphere salt marshes in Africa and data are needed for comparative purposes.
机译：这项研究发展了对盐沼在开放和封闭河口的气候变化响应的概念性理解，并概述了对生态系统服务的影响方面的变化。描述了南非与现行压力有关的盐沼覆盖率变化。盐沼出现在沿类似3000公里海岸线分布的避风河口中。潮上盐沼发生在海拔高于1.5 m amsl处，在冷温带（5328.28公顷）占主导地位，潮间盐沼在温带温带地区（2093.31公顷）占主导地位。盐沼虽然总面积很小（14 955公顷），但在盐沼的生物多样性保护中起着核心作用，因为盐沼为鱼类和鸟类的迁徙提供了重要的栖息地。从1930年代到2018年，盐沼沼泽地的栖息地由于侵蚀性的发展和农业而丧失。此外，上游淡水抽取导致的盐碱化和干燥减少了淡水的流入，这延长了临时封闭河口的闭口时间，导致洪水泛滥。盐沼泛滥。预测多种压力源的综合作用（风暴潮，洪水，干旱和河流流量减少的影响）对于保护这些重要的生境至关重要。正在进行研究和监测，以了解盐沼的响应，因为南非的亚热带和温暖的温带沿海地区之间的界面预计会受到红树林范围扩展的影响。这项研究具有全球意义，因为对非洲的南半球盐沼知之甚少，并且需要进行比较的数据。

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