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Current reversals in a large tidal river

机译：当前潮流的潮流

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摘要

A tidal river is a special zone where the basic hydrodynamic process is the interaction between riverine flow and tides. Existing studies focus mainly on the water level fluctuations, while the effort is limited regarding the flow regime between uni- and bi-directional currents. Along a tidal river, the current direction reverses where the landward flow meets with seaward flow. So far, the occurrence and movement of current reversal is not fully investigated, and the number and location of reversal points are not well understood. In this study, the water flow in the Yangtze tidal river was simulated using a hydrodynamic model, and the phenomenon of current reversals in the tidal river were investigated. It is found that in the dry season up to three reversal points may occur simultaneously, including two convergence points and one divergence point, separating the entire tidal river into two seaward-current reaches and two landward-current reaches. These multiple reversal points result from the co-existence of the preceding and present flood tidal waves. During a spring tide the peak landward flux of the preceding wave can reach up to 10,000 m(3)/s, about the same magnitude as the riverine discharge and the length of the landward-current occupation is as large as 120 km. It was also found that a current reversal point always coexists with a zero-gradient point of water level, and the location of this reversal is downstream of the zero-gradient point. The reversals shift landward from the river mouth consecutively, and could finally disappear farther at the upper reach of the tidal river. The bidirectional flow could extend up to 550 and 200 km upstream from the river mouth in the dry and wet seasons, respectively. The current reversals are influenced by the discharge regulation of the Three Gorges Dam. These movements of current reversals in the flow regime could furtherly have significant impact on local hydrodynamic process and material transportation.
机译：潮汐河是一个特殊的区域，基本的流体动力过程是河流流动和潮汐之间的相互作用。现有研究主要关注水位波动，而努力有限地有关单向电流与双向电流之间的流动制度的限制。沿着潮汐河流，当前方向逆转到陆地流量与海流相遇的地方。到目前为止，目前逆转的发生和移动没有完全调查，并且逆转点的数量和位置并不了解。在这项研究中，使用流体动力学模型模拟了长江潮汐的水流，研究了潮汐河流的现象。发现，在最多三个逆转点的干燥季节可以同时发生，包括两个收敛点和一个分歧点，将整个潮汐河分离成两个海流达到两次的陆地电流。这些多重逆转点是由前面和目前洪水波的共存。在春潮期间，前一波的峰值落地通量可以达到高达10,000米（3）/秒，大约与河流排放相同的程度，并且着陆当前占用的长度大至120公里。还发现当前的反转点总是与水位的零梯度点共存，并且该逆转的位置是零梯度点的下游。逆转从河口连续落在河口，最终可能在潮汐河的上部到达进一步消失。双向流动分别可以分别延伸到干燥和潮湿季节的河口上游延伸到550％和200公里。目前的逆转受三峡大坝的放电调节的影响。这些流动制度中电流逆转的这些运动可能会对局部流体动力学过程和材料运输产生重大影响。

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