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首页> 外文期刊>Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science >From local-to global-scale control factors of wave attenuation in mangrove environments and the role of indirect mangrove wave attenuation
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From local-to global-scale control factors of wave attenuation in mangrove environments and the role of indirect mangrove wave attenuation

机译：红树林环境中波浪衰减的本地 - 全球范围控制因素及间接红树林波衰减的作用

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Wave dissipation by drag forces is considered the dominant wave transformation process in fringe mangroves even though other process may be present. Furthermore, mangrove loss generates vertical erosion and changes in the nearshore profile that can affect wave breaking, whereas changes in vegetation density owing to species composition or disturbances may affect drag dissipation. The aim of this study is to identify local and global geographical control factors of wave attenuation in mangrove environments and to assess the effect of nearshore profile modifications by mangrove loss on wave breaking dissipation. Bottom wave attenuation from breaking and shoaling, the total wave energy attenuation rate, and wave reflection were estimated using modeling, pressure sensors, and reflection coefficients, respectively, at sites with contrasting wave power, bathymetric slope changes, vegetation density, and logging disturbance. Wave breaking changes by mangrove loss were estimated using wave evolution modeling under three successive slope increments by 0.7% in two background mangrove nearshore profiles. The wave energy attenuation rate at the study sites was affected by incident wave height (28-76%), epiphytic oyster presence, vegetation density, tidal inundation (41-55%), and wave reflection from cliffs. The last two variables explained the wave attenuation rate variability at a cliffed study site (61-70%), whereas the last three variables explained the wave attenuation rate variability on a global scale (92%). Wave attenuation rates by vegetation and bottom friction were underestimated (2-59% from global scale data) when wave shoaling was not considered. The wave energy increased or moved further inland in unvegetated scenarios in comparison with vegetated shores. In addition to drag forces, mangroves can promote wave attenuation by inducing friction, wave breaking, and wave reflection from prop-roots epiphytic organisms, shallow nearshore profiles, and cliffed edges, respectively.
机译：即使可以存在其他过程，拖曳力的波浪耗散也被认为是边缘红树叶中的主要波形变换过程。此外，红树林损失产生垂直侵蚀和可能影响波浪突破的近孔轮廓的变化，而由于物种组成或扰动的植被密度变化可能会影响阻力耗散。本研究的目的是确定红树林环境中的波浪衰减的本地和全球地理控制因素，并评估红树林损失对波浪破碎耗散的近岸剖面修改的影响。底波衰减来自分别的破碎，总波浪能衰减率和波反射，分别使用模拟，压力传感器和反射系数在具有对比波功率，沐浴倾斜度变化，植被密度和测井干扰的场地。在两个连续的斜坡增量下使用波浪演化建模估计红树林损失的波浪破坏变化在两个背景红树林附近剖面中的0.7％。研究部位的波浪能衰减率受到事件波高（28-76％），果实牡蛎存在，植被密度，潮汐淹没（41-55％）和悬崖反射的影响。最后两个变量解释了卷曲的研究现场（61-70％）的波浪衰减率变异性，而最后三个变量在全球范围内解释了波衰减率变异性（92％）。当未考虑波挖掘时，植被和底部摩擦的波浪衰减率被低估了（从全球范围数据的2-59％）。与植被海岸相比，波动能量增加或移植进一步的内陆内陆的内陆。除了阻力，红树林还可以通过诱导摩擦，波断裂和来自诸如Pron-Roots Ebipyctic生物，浅近岸剖面和悬崖边缘的波浪反射来促进波浪衰减。

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