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Climate Justice: Vulnerability and Protection

机译：气候正义：脆弱性与保护

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This volume collects 17 papers on the ethics and policy of global climate change, all previously published between 1992 and 2013. It also includes a substantial introduction to the papers and a brief appendix, 'Declaration on Climate Justice,'that is a statement of principles drawn up by an organization for which Shue serves as advisor. Very few of these papers offer the brand of extended philosophical analysis characteristic of philosophy journal articles. Only two were published in traditional philosophy journals; one of these (chapter 7) concerns the moral limits of national sovereignty, and the topic of climate change is only briefly touched on; the other (chapter 13) describes Shue's methodological reasons for electing, more than most philosophers, to get'bogged down in empirical details'(p. 18) in the course of providing ethical analysis of a topic. These details are essential, he says, because they define the ethical problem at issue as it actually arises in the real world. Shue claims that philosophers'standard hypothetical examples, ones that have been 'cleaned'so as to focus on a limited number of ethical variables, are not the right scenarios to investigate. Consider a case in which person A is on his way to kill innocent person B, and the only way to stop A is to inflict severe pain on A's leg for an hour. If we ask whether this is a case of justified torture, Shue's response is that it's not torture at all, since it has very few of the features we associated with torture in the real world. For example,'the person on whom the pain is inflicted is not under the complete and indefinite control of the state, she is not being humiliated and demeaned,'etc. (p. 246). Although climate change is once again mentioned only briefly in this chapter, it is included because it helps to explain why so many other papers in the volume are'bogged down'in empirical details. For those are the details that Shue takes to define the ethical problems he's concerned with.
机译：本书收集了17篇有关全球气候变化的伦理和政策的论文，这些论文以前都在1992年至2013年之间发表。它还包括对这些论文的大量介绍以及一个简短的附录“气候正义宣言”，这是一项原则声明。由Shue担任顾问的组织起草。这些论文中很少有提供哲学期刊文章的扩展哲学分析特性的品牌。在传统哲学期刊上只有两本出版。其中之一（第7章）涉及国家主权的道德极限，而气候变化的话题只是简短地涉及到；另一个（第13章）描述了Shue在提供一个主题的伦理分析过程中选择“比经验哲学家更深陷于困境”的方法论理由（第18页）。他说，这些细节是必不可少的，因为它们定义了实际存在的道德问题。 Shue声称，哲学家的标准假设示例（已被“清理”以便专注于有限的道德变量）不是正确的研究场景。考虑一种情况，其中人A正在杀死无辜的人B，而阻止A的唯一方法是给A的腿造成一个小时的剧烈疼痛。如果我们问这是否是合理的酷刑案件，Shue的回答是，它根本不是酷刑，因为它在现实世界中几乎没有与酷刑相关的特征。例如，“遭受痛苦的人并不受国家的完全和不确定的控制，她没有受到侮辱和贬低，”等。 （第246页）。尽管在本章中仅简要地提到了气候变化，但它被包括在内，因为它有助于解释为什么大量的其他论文在经验细节上“陷入困境”。因为这些是Shue用来定义他所关注的道德问题的细节。

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  • 来源
    《Ethics, policy and environment》 |2016年第1期|111-114|共4页
  • 作者

    J. Paul Kelleher;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Medical History & Bioethics, Department of Philosophy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA;

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