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首页> 外文期刊>Euphytica >Inheritance and general combining ability studies of detached pod, leaf disc and natural field resistance to Phytophthora palmivora and Phytophthora megakarya in cacao (Theobroma cacao L.)
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Inheritance and general combining ability studies of detached pod, leaf disc and natural field resistance to Phytophthora palmivora and Phytophthora megakarya in cacao (Theobroma cacao L.)

机译：可可豆的分离荚果，叶盘和自然田间对棕榈疫霉和巨大疫霉的抗性的遗传和一般结合能力研究

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摘要

Black pod is a major disease of cocoa. Knowledge of the inheritance of resistance to black pod would be important in devising strategies to breed resistant varieties. The mode of inheritance of resistance to black pod disease was investigated using leaf disc, detached pod tests and natural field observation in a 6 × 4 factorial and 6 × 6 diallel mating designs analyzed using North Carolina design-II approach and Griffing’s method II model I approach, respectively. The dominant component was smaller than the additive component for pod lesion size, leaf disc scores and natural field infection. Both general combining ability and specific combining ability (SCA) effects influenced the inheritance of pod lesion number and leaf disc scores suggesting that both additive and non-additive (dominance or epistatic) effects influence the inheritance of resistance to black pod disease. However, SCA effect was not significant for pod lesion size and natural field infection suggesting the importance of additive genes in the inheritance of these traits. The higher heritability of leaf disc scores, pod lesion numbers and pod lesion sizes than the heritability of natural field infection which was almost zero, shows the influence of environment on natural field infection and suggests that ranking of resistance of cocoa genotypes need to be done under controlled environmental conditions to observe true resistance levels. Good general combiners, in combination with each other, did not necessarily yield good specific combinations suggesting that parents’ performance cannot be used for selecting superior progenies. The non-significance of reciprocal effects indicates absence of maternal effects or cytoplasmic inheritance in resistance to black pod disease. Recurrent selection procedures and inter-crossing aimed at general combining ability would be more suitable for improvement of black pod disease resistance. Cocoa genotypes with good combining ability for resistance to black pod disease such as T60/887, Pa 150, Sca 6, and Pa7/808, identified in this study could be important parents to form base population for such recurrent selection procedures.
机译：黑荚是可可的主要疾病。对黑荚果抗性遗传的知识在设计育种抗性品种的策略中将是重要的。在北卡罗莱纳州设计-II方法和格里芬方法II-I分析的6×4阶乘和6×6拨号配对设计中，使用叶盘，分离荚膜试验和自然场观察研究了对黑荚病抗性的遗传模式。方法。对于豆荚病变大小，叶盘分数和自然田间感染，主要成分小于添加成分。普通结合能力和特异性结合能力（SCA）的影响都影响豆荚病变数和叶盘评分的遗传，这表明加性和非加性（显性或上位性）效应都影响对黑荚病抗性的遗传。然而，SCA的作用对于豆荚病变大小和自然田间感染并不显着，这表明加性基因在这些性状遗传中的重要性。叶盘评分，荚果病变数和荚果病变大小的遗传力高于自然田间感染的遗传力，几乎为零，这表明环境对自然田间感染的影响，并建议可可基因型的抗药性等级应在控制环境条件以观察真实的电阻水平。好的普通组合器相互结合并不一定能产生良好的特定组合，这表明父母的表现不能用于选择优良的后代。相互影响的无意义表明对黑豆荚病的抵抗力中没有母体作用或细胞质遗传。针对一般结合能力的反复选择程序和杂交将更适合于改善黑荚病的抗药性。在这项研究中确定的对黑豆荚病（例如T60 / 887，Pa 150，Sca 6和Pa7 / 808）具有良好结合能力的可可基因型可能是形成此类反复选择程序基础种群的重要亲本。

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