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首页> 外文期刊>Euphytica >Genetic analysis of resistance to nematodes in inbred maize (Zea mays L.) and maize hybrids
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Genetic analysis of resistance to nematodes in inbred maize (Zea mays L.) and maize hybrids

机译：自交系玉米（Zea mays L.）和玉米杂交种对线虫抗性的遗传分析

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摘要

Nematodes cause substantial grain yield loss in susceptible maize (Zea mays L.) cultivars. This study was conducted to estimate general combining ability (GCA), specific combining ability (SCA) and genetic effects associated with nematode resistance in maize. The 30 F 1 hybrids generated from a 6 × 6 diallel and two local checks were evaluated in 2009 at three sites in Uganda. A split plot design was used with nematode treatments serving as whole plots and the hybrids as subplots but arranged in an 8 × 4 spatially adjusted alpha-lattice design. The experiment was replicated three times. Results showed GCA to be important for the reduction of P. zeae and Meloidogyne spp. densities and increase of root mass, with a contribution of 72 to 93% of the phenotypic variance. Inbreds MP709 and CML206 had the highest GCA for Pratylenchus zeae resistance, whereas for grain yield, it was CML444, CML312 and CML395 that were outstanding. The SCA influenced plant height and grain yield under nematode infestation, contributing 43 and 58% of the phenotypic variance, respectively. Observed reciprocal differences due to maternal effects also played a role in influencing the grain yield under nematode infestation. Overdominance genetic effects explained the non-additive variance recorded for the plant height, grain yield, number of root lesions, and P. zeae and Meloidogyne spp. densities under nematode infestation. The parents MP709, CML206, 5057, and CML444 contributed most of the dominant genes for the P. zeae resistance in all their crosses. The parent CML444 contributed most of the dominant genes for improved grain yield in all of its crosses. The high GCA effects among some parents support their utility in breeding of widely adapted nematode-resistant cultivars. The dominant genes and SCA effects would favour pedigree and various sib tests to improve grain yield under nematode pressure.
机译：线虫在易感玉米（Zea mays L.）品种中造成大量谷物减产。进行这项研究以评估玉米的总体结合能力（GCA），特异性结合能力（SCA）和与线虫抗性相关的遗传效应。 2009年，在乌干达的三个地点对由6×6的二烯和两个局部检查产生的30 F 1 杂种进行了评估。分裂地块设计与线虫处理一起用作整个地块，杂种作为子图，但以8×4空间调整的alpha晶格设计排列。实验重复了三遍。结果表明，GCA对于减少玉米斑节菌和根结线虫属物种很重要。密度和根质量的增加，占表型变异的72％至93％。自交系MP709和CML206对拟南芥的抗性具有最高的GCA，而对于谷物产量而言，出色的是CML444，CML312和CML395。 SCA影响线虫侵染下的株高和籽粒产量，分别贡献了表型变异的43％和58％。观察到的由于母体效应引起的相互差异也影响了线虫侵染下谷物的产量。显性遗传效应解释了所记录的植物高度，籽粒产量，根部病变数以及玉米和拟南芥属的非累加方差。线虫侵染下的密度。亲本MP709，CML206、5057和CML444在其所有杂交中贡献了大多数的玉米抗性基因。亲本CML444在其所有杂交中贡献了大多数显性基因，以提高谷物产量。一些亲本中高的GCA效应支持了它们在广泛适应线虫抗性品种育种中的效用。优势基因和SCA效应将有利于系谱和各种同胞试验，以提高线虫压力下的谷物产量。

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