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Low Fertility and Long-Run Growth in an Economy with a Large Public Sector

机译:公共部门较大的经济体中的低生育率和长期增长

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摘要

Recently it has been suggested that low fertility countries may be caught in a trap that is hard to get out of. One important mechanism in such a trap would be social interaction and its effect on the ideal family size. Such social interaction mechanisms are hard to capture in formal models, therefore we use an agent-based simulation model to investigate the issue. In our experimental setup a stable growth and population path is calibrated to Swedish data using the Swedish social policy setup. The model is provoked into a fertility trap by increasing relative child costs linked to positive growth. Even rather large increases in child benefits are then insufficient to get out of the trap. However, the small number of children temporarily enables the economy to grow faster for several decades. Removing the adaptation of social norms turns out to disarm the trap.
机译:最近,有人提出,低生育率国家可能陷入难以摆脱的陷阱。这种陷阱中的一个重要机制是社会互动及其对理想家庭规模的影响。在正式模型中很难捕捉到这样的社会互动机制,因此我们使用基于代理的仿真模型来研究问题。在我们的实验设置中,使用瑞典社会政策设置将稳定的增长和人口路径校准为瑞典数据。通过增加与正增长相关的相对子女成本,该模型被推入了生育陷阱。这样,即使儿童福利的大幅增加也不足以摆脱困境。但是,由于儿童数量少,暂时使经济增长了几十年。消除对社会规范的适应可以解除陷阱。

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