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首页> 外文期刊>European Journal of Population/Revue européenne de Démographie >Detecting Deliberate Fertility Control in Pre-transitional Populations: Evidence from six German villages, 1766–1863
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Detecting Deliberate Fertility Control in Pre-transitional Populations: Evidence from six German villages, 1766–1863

机译：检测过渡前人口的故意生育控制：来自德国六个村庄的证据，1766-1863年

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摘要

This article deals with the possible existence of deliberate fertility control before the fertility transition. The timing of the fertility response to economic stress, as measured by fluctuations in grain prices, is used as a measure of deliberate, but non-parity specific, control. Birth histories from six German villages (1766–1863), including information on occupation of the husband, are used together with community-wide grain price series in a micro-level event-history analysis. The results show a negative fertility response to grain prices both in the year immediately following the price change, and with a 1-year lag. The response was also highly different between socioeconomic groups, with the most pronounced effects among the unskilled laborers. Moreover, the response in this group was very rapid, already present 3–6 months after the price change. As all involuntary fertility responses to economic hardship (e.g., malnutrition, spousal separation, and spontaneous abortion) come with a considerable time lag, the existence of such a rapid response among the lower social groups suggests that individual agency (deliberate control) was an important aspect of reproductive behavior also before the fertility transition.
机译：本文讨论在生育力转变之前有意进行生育力控制的情况。生育力对经济压力作出反应的时间（以谷物价格的波动来衡量）被用作有意的但非平价的控制措施。在微观层面的事件历史分析中，使用了六个德国村庄（1766-1863年）的出生历史（包括有关丈夫职业的信息）以及整个社区的谷物价格序列。结果表明，价格上涨后的第一年和第一年的滞后对谷物价格的肥力响应都是负的。社会经济群体之间的反应也存在很大差异，在非熟练劳动力中影响最为明显。此外，该组的反应非常迅速，在价格变动后3-6个月就已经出现。由于对经济困难（例如营养不良，配偶分离和自然流产）的所有非自愿生育反应都需要相当长的时间，因此，较低的社会群体之间存在如此迅速的反应表明，单个机构（故意控制）是重要的在生育过渡之前的生殖行为方面。

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