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首页> 外文期刊>European Radiology >Radiation exposure in X-ray-based imaging techniques used in osteoporosis
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Radiation exposure in X-ray-based imaging techniques used in osteoporosis

机译：骨质疏松症中基于X射线成像技术的放射线照射

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摘要

Recent advances in medical X-ray imaging have enabled the development of new techniques capable of assessing not only bone quantity but also structure. This article provides (a) a brief review of the current X-ray methods used for quantitative assessment of the skeleton, (b) data on the levels of radiation exposure associated with these methods and (c) information about radiation safety issues. Radiation doses associated with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry are very low. However, as with any X-ray imaging technique, each particular examination must always be clinically justified. When an examination is justified, the emphasis must be on dose optimisation of imaging protocols. Dose optimisation is more important for paediatric examinations because children are more vulnerable to radiation than adults. Methods based on multi-detector CT (MDCT) are associated with higher radiation doses. New 3D volumetric hip and spine quantitative computed tomography (QCT) techniques and high-resolution MDCT for evaluation of bone structure deliver doses to patients from 1 to 3 mSv. Low-dose protocols are needed to reduce radiation exposure from these methods and minimise associated health risks.
机译：医学X射线成像的最新进展使得能够开发不仅能够评估骨骼数量而且能够评估结构的新技术。本文提供（a）对用于骨骼定量评估的当前X射线方法的简要概述，（b）与这些方法相关的辐射暴露水平的数据，以及（c）有关辐射安全性问题的信息。与双能X射线吸收法有关的辐射剂量非常低。但是，与任何X射线成像技术一样，每次特定检查都必须在临床上始终合理。当检查合理时，重点必须放在成像方案的剂量优化上。剂量优化对于儿科检查更为重要，因为儿童比成人更容易受到辐射的影响。基于多探测器CT（MDCT）的方法与更高的辐射剂量相关。新的3D髋部和脊柱定量计算机断层扫描（QCT）技术和用于评估骨骼结构的高分辨率MDCT将剂量从1到3 mSv传递给患者。需要低剂量方案以减少这些方法的辐射暴露并最大程度地降低相关的健康风险。

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