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FIRI—A far-infrared interferometer

机译：FIRI—远红外干涉仪

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Half of the energy ever emitted by stars and accreting objects comes to us in the far-infrared (FIR) waveband and has yet to be properly explored. We propose a powerful Far-InfraRed Interferometer mission, FIRI, to carry out high-resolution imaging spectroscopy in the FIR. This key observational capability is essential to reveal how gas and dust evolve into stars and planets, how the first luminous objects in the Universe ignited, how galaxies formed, and when super-massive black holes grew. FIRI will disentangle the cosmic histories of star formation and accretion onto black holes and will trace the assembly and evolution of quiescent galaxies like our Milky Way. Perhaps most importantly, FIRI will observe all stages of planetary system formation and recognise the birth of planets via its ability to image the dust structures in planetary systems. FIRI is an observatory-class mission concept: three cold, 3.5-m apertures, orbiting a beam-combining module, with separations of up to 1 km, free-flying or tethered, operating between 25 and 385 μm, using the interferometric direct-detection technique to ensure μJy sensitivity and 0.02” resolution at 100 μm, across an arcmin2 instantaneous field of view, with a spectral resolution, R ~ 5,000 and a heterodyne system with R ~ 1 million. Although FIRI is an ambitious mission, we note that FIR interferometry is appreciably less demanding than at shorter wavelengths.
机译：恒星和增生物体所散发的能量中有一半是通过远红外（FIR）波段传给我们的，尚待适当探索。我们提出了一项强大的远红外干涉仪任务FIRI，以在FIR中执行高分辨率成像光谱学。这种关键的观察能力对于揭示气体和尘埃如何演变成恒星和行星，宇宙中的第一个发光物体是如何被点燃，星系是如何形成以及超大质量黑洞何时生长至关重要。 FIRI将解开恒星形成和积聚在黑洞上的宇宙历史，并将追踪像我们的银河系这样的静止星系的组装和演化。也许最重要的是，FIRI将观察行星系统形成的所有阶段，并通过其对行星系统中尘埃结构成像的能力来认识行星的诞生。 FIRI是天文台级的任务概念：三个冷的3.5-m孔径光圈，在光束组合模块上运行，间隔最大1 km，可自由飞行或系留，工作在25到385μm之间，使用直接干涉法检测技术可确保在一个arcmin 2 瞬时视场中具有100μm的μJy灵敏度和0.02英寸的分辨率，其光谱分辨率为R〜5,000，外差系统为R〜1百万。尽管FIRI是一项雄心勃勃的任务，但我们注意到，与更短的波长相比，FIR干涉仪的要求明显更低。

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