Clean tankers seek period lock-in

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Clean tankers seek period lock-in

机译：清洁油轮寻求定期锁定

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Owners of clean tankers are exploring period charters to beat the spot market as rates sink to new lows. While long-range tanker rates have been flat, newbuilding deliveries are adding downward pressure to the medium-range tanker sector. Once lucrative cross-Gulf MR rates have fallen by as much as 25%: trips are being fixed at $ 180,000/voyage, compared to $250,000 previously. "This means owners' daily takings are now $9,000-10,000, compared with $ 15,000-17,000 previously. For every cross-Gulf cargo, there are now seven to eight ships available," a Singapore broker told Fairplay.

机译：随着运价跌至新低，清洁油轮的船东正在探索定期租船，以击败现货市场。尽管远程油轮价格持平，但新船交付给中型油轮行业增加了下行压力。一旦利润丰厚的跨海湾MR费率下降了多达25％：旅行被定为每次航行180,000美元，而之前是25万美元。一位新加坡经纪人告诉Fairplay：“这意味着船东的日租金现在为9,000-10,000美元，而之前为15,000-17,000美元。现在，每艘跨海湾货物，现在有七至八艘船可用。”

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《Fairplay》 |2012年第6671期|p.15|共1页
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机译：市场展望1.油轮市场2018年在一个积极的票据上完成，在12月份的MIR现货收益上涨71％至17,208美元/天，粗暴的油轮市场剩余公司（VLCC现货收入在12月份平均超过40,000美元/日）。虽然2018整体以困难的原油和产品市场条件为特征，但强大的额外供应增长，并在今年年底拾取的需求。
2. Tankers: Nearly 160 new MR tankers to join clean fleet [J] . Platts Oilgram Price Report Group Platts Oilgram Price Report . 2009,第196期

机译：油轮：将近160辆新MR油轮加入清洁舰队
3. Tankers: Clean tanker earnings sink below break-even [J] . Platts Oilgram Price Report Group Platts Oilgram Price Report . 2009,第54期

机译：油轮：清洁油轮收益降至盈亏平衡点以下
4. IMPLEMENTATION OF TANK CLEANING AND LOADING AND DISCHARGING WITH SAFETY OF THE SHIP CREW OF MT FATMAWATI AT PT. BERLIAN LAJU TANKER [C] . Asep Arif Bahtiar, Juliater Simarmata Conference on Global Research on Sustainable Transport . 2018

机译：在Pt的船舶船员的安全性的情况下实施坦克清洁和装载和卸料。伯利安拉州罐车
5. The Effects of Differential Rearing and Abstinence Period on Post-Synaptic Glutamate Receptors and Amphetamine Seeking. [D] . Garcia, Erik Joseph. 2017

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6. Seeking Nontoxic Coatings to Keep Ship Hulls Clean [O] . Meredith Fore 2020

机译：寻求无毒的涂料保持船体清洁
7. Competing Recombinant Technologies for Environmental Innovation: Extending Arthur’s Model of Lock-in Abstract: This article presents a model of sequential decisions about investments in environmentally dirty and clean technologies, which extends the path-dependence framework of Arthur (1989). This allows us to evaluate if and how an economy locked into a dirty technology can be unlocked and move towards the clean technology. The main extension involves the inclusion of the effect of recombinant innovation of the two technologies. A mechanism of endogenous competition is described involving a positive externality of increasing returns to investment which are counterbalanced by recombinant innovation. We determine conditions under which lock-in can be avoided or escaped. A second extension is â€œsymmetry breakingâ€ of the system due to the introduction of an environmental policy that charges a price for polluting. A final extension adds a cost of environmental policy in the form of lower returns on investment implemented through a growth-depressing factor. We compare cumulative pollution under different scenarios, so that we can evaluate the combination of environmental regulation and recombinant innovation. [O] . Van den Bergh J.C.J.M., Zeppini Rossi P. 100

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Clean tankers seek period lock-in

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