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首页> 外文期刊>Far East Journal of Electronics and Communications >THREE PEDAGOGICAL POINTS FOR TEACHING ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS TO EE STUDENTS: (Understanding the importance of the distributed systems for circuit theory. Why cannot electromagnetic waves escape a metallic waveguide? Why there must be the returning wave?)
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THREE PEDAGOGICAL POINTS FOR TEACHING ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS TO EE STUDENTS: (Understanding the importance of the distributed systems for circuit theory. Why cannot electromagnetic waves escape a metallic waveguide? Why there must be the returning wave?)

机译：三位教学点，用于ee学生的电磁场:(了解电路理论的分布式系统的重要性。为什么电磁波逃离金属波导？为什么必须有返回波？）

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Firstly, an argument is given for a simple electrical circuit, showing that the "unlimited" use of Ohm's law leads to a contradiction with the theory of relativity, and a wave process has to be considered. The very presence of the electrical voltage v and current i, in a typical resistive dependence v = f(i), is associated with electrical and magnetic fields, or energies, which are inherent for capacitors and inductors. Thus, the common opinion that resistor does not accumulate electrical or magnetic energy is wrong, even the simplest circuits should be analyzed in view of the wave processes, for instance when a DC state is being established. Secondly, giving an introduction to the waveguides, we stress the simplicity with which one can understand, by examining Maxwell's equations that an EM wave can be confined in a metallic waveguide. The conditions for the wave phenomenon to exist, directly observed by Maxwell's equations, is here the key argument. The argument is that for the EM wave to propagate through a conductive wall (cladding), the EM field inside the wall medium has to maintain its wave nature, while the waveguide's metallic tube high conductivity does not allow that. This argument is competitive (or completing) the well-known one in terms of skin-effect. Furthermore, as an important point, we present the question about the sign in a Maxwell equation. Usually, postulating Maxwell's equations as some basic physics equation, and using how to apply them, avoids the question of why the equations are such. We show that putting this sign in focus provides understanding of its origin rooted in correct direction of the energy flow. Finally, we give a very simple argument combining the physics and the mathematics points of view, so that the necessity in the back-traveling wave becomes obvious.
机译：首先，给出了一个简单的电路的参数，表明欧姆定律的“无限制”使用导致与相对论理论的矛盾，并且必须考虑波浪过程。电压V和电流I的存在在典型的电阻依赖性V = F（i）中，与电容器和电感器固有的电场和能量相关联。因此，常见的观点是电阻不累积电气或磁能是错误的，即使是鉴于波浪过程的视图，例如当正在建立直流状态时，也应该分析最简单的电路。其次，通过检查MaxWell的方程，给予波导引入波导，我们强调了一个可以理解的简单性，即EM波可以限制在金属波导中。 Maxwell等式直接观察到存在的波浪现象的条件在这里是关键论点。该论点是，对于通过导电墙（包层）传播的EM波，壁介质内的EM场必须保持其波动性，而波导的金属管高导电性不允许。在皮肤效应方面，这一论点具有竞争力（或完成）众所周知的一个。此外，作为一个重要的观点，我们提出了关于麦克斯韦方程的符号的问题。通常，将MaxWell的方程列为一些基本的物理方程，并使用如何应用它们，避免了诸如此类的原因。我们展示将此标志焦点放置在能量流程的正确方向上提供了对其根源的理解。最后，我们给出了一个非常简单的论据，结合了物理学和数学观点，因此背行波的必要性变得明显。

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