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A study of fire performance of textile membranes used as building components

机译：建筑用纺织膜的防火性能研究

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The advantages of textile materials as building components include low weight, and in the case of textile membranes, the advantages include translucency and architectural possibilities. A common disadvantage, however, is the fire property of textile materials, which highlights the importance of fire safety assessments for building application of such materials. The work presented in this paper was conducted within the European project contex-T, 'Textile Architecture - Textile Structures and Buildings of the Future'. This paper presents the results of reaction-to-fire tests required for European Standard (EN) 13501-1 classification conducted with a number of textile membranes. The classification results are compared for a selection of these membranes with the information gained from a large-scale reference test that was designed within the project. The reference test was based on the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 9705 room test. It was seen that the reference test could separate the performance of the different types of membranes investigated and the repeatability of duplicate tests performed was acceptable. However, the classification of the materials by test results from the Single Burning Item (SBI) test (EN 13823) and the small flame test (EN ISO 11925-2) did not reflect the performance of the membranes in the large-scale test properly in all aspects important for fire safety. Most significantly, the 'burn-through' and the associated opening of a hole in the polyvinyl chloride/polyester membranes tested ventilated the hot smoke gases out of the reference room that resulted in limited flame spread and heat production. This mechanism is not modelled correctly by the SBI test, which leads to a discrepancy between classification and large-scale behaviour.
机译：纺织材料作为建筑部件的优点包括重量轻，就纺织膜而言，优点包括半透明性和结构可能性。但是，常见的缺点是纺织材料的防火性能，这突出了防火安全评估对于此类材料在建筑中的应用的重要性。本文介绍的工作是在欧洲项目contex-T（“纺织建筑-未来的纺织结构和建筑物”）中进行的。本文介绍了使用多种纺织膜进行的欧洲标准（EN）13501-1分类所需的起火反应测试结果。将这些膜的分类结果与从项目中设计的大规模参考测试获得的信息进行比较。参考测试基于国际标准化组织（ISO）9705室内测试。可以看出，参考测试可以分离所研究的不同类型膜的性能，重复测试的重复性是可以接受的。但是，通过单次燃烧项（SBI）测试（EN 13823）和小火焰测试（EN ISO 11925-2）的测试结果对材料进行分类无法正确反映大型测试中膜的性能。在对消防安全重要的所有方面。最重要的是，被测试的聚氯乙烯/聚酯膜中的“烧穿”和相关的孔眼开口使热烟气从参考室中排出，从而限制了火焰扩散和热量的产生。 SBI测试未正确建模此机制，这导致分类与大规模行为之间的差异。

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