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首页> 外文期刊>消防硏究所報告 >住宅火災による子供の死者の統計上の概観
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住宅火災による子供の死者の統計上の概観

机译：房屋火灾造成儿童死亡的统计概览

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摘要

住宅火災による死者数は増加傾向を示し，近年は年rn間1200人前後を推移するに至っている．また，その半rn数以上を65歳以上の高齢者が占めることから，住宅rn火災は主に高齢者の問題として考えられているが，そrnの一方で，乳幼児層の死亡率が，死亡率の最も低い10rn代後半の年齢層に比べると高い値を示すことも指摘さrnれている．%While the recent mortality rate of infants due to residential fires was lower than the average mortality rate of people of all ages, YPLL and LLE of infants were higher than that of other age groups. Children between the ages of 5 to 9 demonstrated the highest percentage of death due to fire among all cause of death in comparison with other age groups.rnOver 50% of cases of deaths of infants between the ages of 0 to 4 due to fire saw fires being started as a result of children 'playing with fire' and 90% of these particular cases involved 'lighters' and 'matches.' The number of male infants who died due to residential fires as a result of playing with fire surpassed that of female infants with a gender ratio of 3:1. The number of deaths of these infants peaked at the age of 3. According to these statistics, it can be stated that approximately half of the excess of deaths of children due to fire are the result of the children themselves playing with fire and/or being present at the scene of other children playing with fire. Approximately 60% of deaths of children at the age of 10 and under due to playing with fire occurred when no person who was older than the age of 10 was at home. The ratio of these cases that took place during the nighttime surpassed the ratio of those that occurred during the daytime.rnIn 17 cases of residential fires as a result of children playing with fire in City A (with no cases of death), 65% of these cases saw no person who was older than 15 present at home. The number of cases where a guardian was asleep and did not realize that a child or children were playing with fire was 4.rnWhile the Japanese Maternal and Child Health Handbook ("Boshitecho") provides reference information concerning accidents that are likely to occur to infants, the actual number of deaths between the ages of 1 to 4 due to residential fires has surpassed the number of deaths due to fall accidents that are described in the handbook, in recent years.
机译：房屋火灾造成的死亡人数一直在增加，近年来，死亡人数约为每公吨1200人。此外，由于65岁及以上的老人占总人数的一半以上，因此住宅火灾主要被认为是老年人的问题。还要指出的是，在10年代的后半部分，该值显示出比年龄组更高的值，这是最低的。 ％虽然最近因住宅火灾引起的婴儿死亡率低于所有年龄段的平均死亡率，但婴儿的YPLL和LLE高于其他年龄组，其中5至9岁的儿童表现出最高与其他年龄组相比，在所有死亡原因中，由火引起的死亡百分比。rn超过50％的0至4岁婴儿因火死亡的案例中，儿童玩火导致着火“其中90％涉及“打火机”和“火柴”。因玩火而因住宅火灾死亡的男婴人数超过了性别比为3：1的女婴。这些婴儿的死亡人数在3岁时达到峰值，根据这些统计数据，可以说，因火灾而造成的儿童死亡人数增加的一半左右是儿童自己玩火和/或在场的结果在现场其他儿童玩火的情况.10岁及以下儿童因玩火而死亡的大约60％发生在没有10岁以上的人在家的情况下。夜间发生的火灾超过了白天发生的火灾的比率。rn在A市儿童玩火的17起住宅火灾中（无死亡病例），其中65％的人没有在家中年龄超过15岁。监护人睡着了却没有意识到一个或多个孩子在玩火的情况为4.rn。《日本母子健康手册》（“ Boshitecho”）提供了有关事故的参考信息由于婴儿可能会发生这种情况，因此近年来发生的由住宅大火造成的1至4岁的实际死亡人数已经超过了手册中描述的坠落事故造成的死亡人数。

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  • 来源
    《消防硏究所報告》 |2009年第107期|59-66|共8页
  • 作者

    鈴木恵子; 北後明彦;

  • 作者单位

    消防庁消防抜術政策室（〒182-0012調布市深大寺東町4-35-3）;

    神戸大学都市安全研究センター（〒657-8501 神戸市灘区六甲台町1-1）;

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